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. 2017:2017:2907219.
doi: 10.1155/2017/2907219. Epub 2017 Jul 6.

Antioxidant Properties of Crude Extract, Partition Extract, and Fermented Medium of Dendrobium sabin Flower

Farahziela Abu  1 , Che Norma Mat Taib  1 , Mohamad Aris Mohd Moklas  1 , Sobri Mohd Akhir  2
Affiliations

Antioxidant Properties of Crude Extract, Partition Extract, and Fermented Medium of Dendrobium sabin Flower

Farahziela Abu et al. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2017.

Abstract

Antioxidant properties of crude extract, partition extract, and fermented medium from Dendrobium sabin (DS) flower were investigated. The oven-dried DS flower was extracted using 100% methanol (w/v), 100% ethanol (w/v), and 100% water (w/v). The 100% methanolic crude extract showed the highest total phenolic content (40.33 ± mg GAE/g extract) and the best antioxidant properties as shown by DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. A correlation relationship between antioxidant activity and total phenolic content showed that phenolic compounds were the dominant antioxidant components in this flower extract. The microbial fermentation on DS flower medium showed a potential in increasing the phenolic content and DPPH scavenging activity. The TPC of final fermented medium showed approximately 18% increment, while the DPPH of fermented medium increased significantly to approximately 80% at the end of the fermentation. Dendrobium sabin (DS) flower showed very good potential properties of antioxidant in crude extract and partition extract as well as better antioxidant activity in the flower fermented medium.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP scavenging activity of Dendrobium sabin flower's crude extract. The DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP results are presented as mean ± SD. Post hoc (Tukey's) test shows significant difference between DSF MCE and DSF ECE and DSF WCE at p < 0.001 (∗∗∗) in both FRAP and ABTS assays. However, in DPPH assay, DSF MCE shows significant different at p < 0.001  (∗∗∗) between DSF MCE and DSF ECE; meanwhile DSF MCE and DSF WCE are significantly different at p < 0.01 (∗∗).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Antioxidant capacity assays (DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP) between partition extracts. The DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP results are presented as mean ± SD. Post hoc (Tukey's) test shows significant difference in all DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays between ethyl acetate extract (EA 100; EA A) with water layer extract (W 100; W A) and hexane extract (H 100; H A) at p < 0.001, respectively. In FRAP assay, water layer extracts (W 100 and W A) are also significantly different from hexane layer extracts (H 100 and H A) at p < 0.001, respectively. ∗∗∗ refers to p value < 0.001.
Figure 3
Figure 3
pH changes and optical density (OD) of the fermented medium over the 84-hour period. T is 6-hour interval time between collections of one sample to another.
Figure 4
Figure 4
TPC of fermented medium from T0 to T14. The TPC results are presented as mean ± SD. Post hoc (Tukey's) test shows significant difference in TPC between T14 and T0 at p < 0.001 (∗∗∗); meanwhile T10, T11, T12, and T13 were significantly different from T0 at p < 0.05 (∗).
Figure 5
Figure 5
DPPH scavenging activity of fermented medium from T0 to T14. The DPPH results are presented as mean ± SD. Post hoc (Tukey's) test shows significant difference in DPPH between T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, and T0 at p < 0.001 (∗∗∗), respectively, while T1 was significantly different from T0 at p < 0.05  (∗).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Correlation between TPC and antioxidant capacity (DPPH, FRAP, and ABTS).
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