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. 2017 Jun 30:11:59-71.
doi: 10.2174/1874120701711010059. eCollection 2017.

Design and Analysis of a Continuous Split Typed Needle-Free Injection System for Animal Vaccination

Kai Chen  1 , Min Pan  1 , Tingting Liu  1
Affiliations

Design and Analysis of a Continuous Split Typed Needle-Free Injection System for Animal Vaccination

Kai Chen et al. Open Biomed Eng J. .

Abstract

Background: Liquid needle-free injection devices (NFIDs) employ a high-velocity liquid jet to deliver drugs and vaccine through transdermal injection. NFIDs for animal vaccination are more complicated than those used for human beings for their much larger and more flexible power sources, as well as rapid, repetitive and continuous injection features.

Method: In the paper, spring-powered NFID is designed for animal vaccine injection. For convenience, the device is a split into a power source and handheld injector. A mathematical model is proposed to calculate the injection pressure, taking into the account pressure loss and the strain energy loss in the bendable tube due to elastic deformation. An experimental apparatus was build to verify the calculation results.

Results and conclusion: Under the same system conditions, the calculation results of the dynamic injection pressure match the experimental results. It is found that the bendable tube of the split typed NFID has significant impact on the profile of the injection pressure. The initial peak pressure is less than the initial peak pressure of NFID without bendable tube, and there is occurrence time lag of the peak pressure. The mathematical model is the first attempt to reveal the relationship between the injection pressure and the system variables of split typed NFID.

Keywords: Animal vaccination; Injection pressure; Jet; Needle-free injection; Transdermal injection.

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Figures

Fig. (1)
Fig. (1)
Schematic design of a split-type needle-free system.
Fig. (2)
Fig. (2)
The real implementation of the needle-free injection system: a) internal structure and b) handheld device.
Fig. (3)
Fig. (3)
Physical model of split-type NFID powered by a spring.
Fig. (4)
Fig. (4)
Indication of parameters of bendable tube: a) before deformation; b) after deformation.
Fig. (5)
Fig. (5)
Injection pressure measurement setup: a) whole system; and b) close-up view of the pressure sensor.
Fig. (6a)
Fig. (6a)
Measured and predicted injection pressure (first 100ms).
Fig. (6b)
Fig. (6b)
Measured and predicted injection pressure (first 30ms).
Fig. (7)
Fig. (7)
Predicted injection pressure with different length of bendable tube.
Fig. (8)
Fig. (8)
Predicted injection pressure from NIFD with/without bendable tube.
Fig. (9)
Fig. (9)
Predicted injection pressure with different spring stiffness.
Fig. (10)
Fig. (10)
Predicted injection pressure with different bendable tube materials.
Fig. (11)
Fig. (11)
Dyed saline diffusion under the skin (left) and the outlook of injection spot (right) under four different injection pressures: a) 24MPa; b) 32MPa; c) 40MPa; d): 48MPa.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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