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. 2017 Jul 19;10(7):829.
doi: 10.3390/ma10070829.

Synthesis and Properties of Carbon Nanotube-Grafted Silica Nanoarchitecture-Reinforced Poly(Lactic Acid)

Yao-Wen Hsu  1 , Chia-Ching Wu  2 , Song-Mao Wu  3 , Chean-Cheng Su  4
Affiliations

Synthesis and Properties of Carbon Nanotube-Grafted Silica Nanoarchitecture-Reinforced Poly(Lactic Acid)

Yao-Wen Hsu et al. Materials (Basel). .

Abstract

A novel nanoarchitecture-reinforced poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanocomposite was prepared using multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-grafted silica nanohybrids as reinforcements. MWCNT-grafted silica nanohybrids were synthesized by the generation of silica nanoparticles on the MWCNT surface through the sol-gel technique. This synthetic method involves organo-modified MWCNTs that are dispersed in tetrahydrofuran, which incorporates tetraethoxysilane that undergoes an ultrasonic sol-gel process. Gelation yielded highly dispersed silica on the organo-modified MWCNTs. The structure and properties of the nanohybrids were established using 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance, Raman spectroscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and transmission electron microscopy. The resulting MWCNT nanoarchitectures were covalently assembled into silica nanoparticles, which exhibited specific and controllable morphologies and were used to reinforce biodegradable PLA. The tensile strength and the heat deflection temperature (HDT) of the PLA/MWCNT-grafted silica nanocomposites increased when the MWCNT-grafted silica was applied to the PLA matrix; by contrast, the surface resistivity of the PLA/MWCNT-grafted silica nanocomposites appeared to decline as the amount of MWCNT-grafted silica in the PLA matrix increased. Overall, the reinforcement of PLA using MWCNT-grafted silica nanoarchitectures was efficient and improved its mechanical properties, heat resistance, and electrical resistivity.

Keywords: multi-walled carbon nanotube; nanoarchitecture; nanocomposite; nanohybrid; poly(lactic acid) (PLA); silica.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Scheme 1
Scheme 1
Synthesis of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-grafted silica nanohybrids.
Figure 1
Figure 1
Thermal degradation of surface-functionalized MWCNTs.
Figure 2
Figure 2
FT-IR spectra of MWCNT-grafted silica nanohybrids: (a) the IR region between 2000 and 4000 cm−1 and (b) the IR region between 500 and 2000 cm−1.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The solid-state 29Si NMR spectra of silica and MWCNT-grafted silica nanohybrids: (a) neat silica; (b) MWCNT-COOH-silica; (c) MWCNT-COCl-silica; (d) MWCNT-NH2-silica; and (e) MWCNT-OH-silica.
Scheme 2
Scheme 2
The mechanism of formation of carboxylic acid-modified MWCNT-grafted silica nanohybrids.
Figure 4
Figure 4
XRD patterns of MWCNT-grafted silica nanohybrids.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Raman spectra of MWCNTs: (a) crude MWCNT; (b) carboxylic acid-modified MWCNT-grafted silica nanohybrids.
Figure 6
Figure 6
TEM images of MWCNT-grafted silica nanohybrids: (a) neat silica (Si(OR)n); (b) crude MWCNTs; (c) MWCNT-COOH-silica; (d) MWCNT-COCl-silica; (e) MWCNT-NH2-silica; and (f) MWCNT-OH-silica.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Stress–strain curves of neat poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and PLA-based nanocomposites.
Figure 8
Figure 8
TEM microphotograph of PLA/MWCNT-silica nanocomposites: (a) nanocomposite with a MWCNT-silica content of 0.5 wt % and (b) schematic depiction of the MWCNT-grafted silica in the PLA matrix.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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