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Review
. 2016 Jun 1;9(6):435.
doi: 10.3390/ma9060435.

Green Composites Made of Bamboo Fabric and Poly (Lactic) Acid for Packaging Applications-A Review

M R Nurul Fazita  1   2 , Krishnan Jayaraman  3 , Debes Bhattacharyya  4 , M K Mohamad Haafiz  5 , Chaturbhuj K Saurabh  6 , M Hazwan Hussin  7 , Abdul Khalil H P S  8   9
Affiliations
Review

Green Composites Made of Bamboo Fabric and Poly (Lactic) Acid for Packaging Applications-A Review

M R Nurul Fazita et al. Materials (Basel). .

Abstract

Petroleum based thermoplastics are widely used in a range of applications, particularly in packaging. However, their usage has resulted in soaring pollutant emissions. Thus, researchers have been driven to seek environmentally friendly alternative packaging materials which are recyclable as well as biodegradable. Due to the excellent mechanical properties of natural fibres, they have been extensively used to reinforce biopolymers to produce biodegradable composites. A detailed understanding of the properties of such composite materials is vital for assessing their applicability to various products. The present review discusses several functional properties related to packaging applications in order to explore the potential of bamboo fibre fabric-poly (lactic) acid composites for packaging applications. Physical properties, heat deflection temperature, impact resistance, recyclability and biodegradability are important functional properties of packaging materials. In this review, we will also comprehensively discuss the chronological events and applications of natural fibre biopolymer composites.

Keywords: bamboo fabric; biopolymer; functional properties; natural fibre; packaging applications; poly (lactic) acid; woven fabric.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Categories of natural fibres [7,9,18].
Figure 2
Figure 2
Percentage of bamboo produced by continent [21,30].
Figure 3
Figure 3
Countries with the largest bamboo resources [21].
Figure 4
Figure 4
Chemical composition of bamboo fibre [30,32].
Figure 5
Figure 5
Bamboo microstructure [33].
Figure 6
Figure 6
Woven fabric terminology.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Schematic representation of the diversity of degradable materials [53].
Figure 8
Figure 8
Synthesis of poly (lactic) acid (PLA) [54].
Figure 9
Figure 9
Life cycle of the packaging [67].
Figure 10
Figure 10
Life cycle stages.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Cosmetic packaging products made from wood plastic composites [112].
Figure 12
Figure 12
Containers for a perfume moulded using curauá fibre/wood flour based composites [113].
Figure 13
Figure 13
Laptop casing made from hemp/PLA based composites [114].
Figure 14
Figure 14
Injection-blow moulded bottles made from cotton/PLA based composites [115].
Figure 15
Figure 15
Food packaging from PLA and wood fibres [116].
Figure 16
Figure 16
Food packaging from cassava starch and plant celluloses [117].
Figure 17
Figure 17
Laptop packaging made from blend of sustainable plant fibres [118].
Figure 18
Figure 18
Mobile box made of natural fibres [119].
Figure 19
Figure 19
Electronic packaging for lamp bulb is made of recycle paper pulp [120].
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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