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. 2014 Oct 16:5:68-71.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2014.10.004. eCollection 2014 Dec.

Measurement of the blood flow rate and velocity in coronary artery stenosis using intracoronary frequency domain optical coherence tomography: Validation against fractional flow reserve

Haroon Zafar  1   2 , Faisal Sharif  3   4   5   6 , Martin J Leahy  1   2   7
Affiliations

Measurement of the blood flow rate and velocity in coronary artery stenosis using intracoronary frequency domain optical coherence tomography: Validation against fractional flow reserve

Haroon Zafar et al. Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc. .

Abstract

Objectives: The main objective of this study was to assess the blood flow rate and velocity in coronary artery stenosis using intracoronary frequency domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT). A correlation between fractional flow reserve (FFR) and FD-OCT derived blood flow velocity is also included in this study.

Methods & results: A total of 20 coronary stenoses in 15 patients were assessed consecutively by quantitative coronary angiography (QCA), FFR and FD-OCT. A percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) optimization system was used in this study which combines wireless FFR measurement and FD-OCT imaging in one platform. Stenoses were labelled severe if FFR ≤ 0.8. Blood flow rate and velocity in each stenosis segment were derived from the volumetric analysis of the FD-OCT pull back images. The FFR value was ≤ 0.80 in 5 stenoses (25%). The mean blood flow rate in severe coronary stenosis (n = 5) was 2.54 ± 0.55 ml/s as compared to 4.81 ± 1.95 ml/s in stenosis with FFR > 0.8 (n = 15). A good and significant correlation between FFR and FD-OCT blood flow velocity in coronary artery stenosis (r = 0.74, p < 0.001) was found.

Conclusion: The assessment of stenosis severity using FD-OCT derived blood flow rate and velocity has the ability to overcome many limitations of QCA and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS).

Keywords: Blood flow rate; Blood flow velocity; Coronary lesions; Fractional flow reserve (FFR); Intracoronary optical coherence tomography (IOCT).

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
FD-OCT B-scans (cross-sectional images) of the vessel wall with calculated lumen measurements and longitudinal reconstruction of the artery showing the locations of FD-OCT B-scans. (A) Reference frame proximal to stenosis with largest intraluminal area. (B) Frame with minimum intraluminal area. (C) Reference frame distal to stenosis with largest intraluminal area.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Correlation between FFR and FD-OCT derived stenosis resistance.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Correlation between FFR and FD-OCT derived blood flow velocity in coronary artery stenosis.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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