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. 2015 Jul 8;8(7):4147-4161.
doi: 10.3390/ma8074147.

Removal of Congo Red from Aqueous Solution by Anion Exchange Membrane (EBTAC): Adsorption Kinetics and Themodynamics

Muhammad Imran Khan  1   2 , Shahbaz Akhtar  3 , Shagufta Zafar  4 , Aqeela Shaheen  5 , Muhammad Ali Khan  6 , Rafael Luque  7 , Aziz Ur Rehman  8
Affiliations

Removal of Congo Red from Aqueous Solution by Anion Exchange Membrane (EBTAC): Adsorption Kinetics and Themodynamics

Muhammad Imran Khan et al. Materials (Basel). .

Abstract

The adsorption behavior of anionic dye congo red (CR) from aqueous solutions using an anion exchange membrane (EBTAC) has been investigated at room temperature. The effect of several factors including contact time, membrane dosage, ionic strength and temperature were studied. Kinetic models, namely pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order, liquid film diffusion and Elovich models as well as Bangham and modified freundlich Equations, were employed to evaluate the experimental results. Parameters such as adsorption capacities, rate constant and related correlation coefficients for every model were calculated and discussed. The adsorption of CR on anion exchange membranes followed pseudo-second-order Kinetics. Thermodynamic parameters, namely changes in Gibbs free energy (∆G°), enthalpy (∆H°) and entropy (∆S°) were calculated for the adsorption of congo red, indicating an exothermic process.

Keywords: Kinetics; adsorption; anion exchange membrane; congo red; thermodynamics.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Structural formula of congo red (CR) dye.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Effect of contact time on the removal (%) of congo red using anion exchange membrane EBTAC.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Effect of membrane dosage on the removal (%) of congo red using an anion exchange membrane EBTAC.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Effect of ìonic strength on the removal (%) of congo red using EBTAC.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Effect of temperature on the removal (%) of congo red by anion exchange membrane EBTAC.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Pseudo-first-order Kinetics for adsorption of congo red on anion exchange membrane EBTAC.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Pseudo-second-order Kinetics for adsorption of congo red on anion exchange membrane EBTAC.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Liquid film diffusion model for adsorption of congo red on anion exchange membrane EBTAC.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Elovich model for adsorption of congo red on anion exchange membrane EBTAC.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Banghamʼs plot of loglog(Co/Co-qtm) vs. logt for adsorption of congo red on anion exchange membrane EBTAC.
Figure 11
Figure 11
The modified Freundlich plot of lnt vs. ln qt for adsorption of congo red on anion exchange membrane EBTAC.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Plot of lnkc verses 1/T for congo red dye on anion exchange membrane EBTAC.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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