Comment

. 2017 Nov:66:414-415.

doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.08.008. Epub 2017 Aug 10.

Charge density, not current density, is a more comprehensive safety measure of transcranial direct current stimulation

Pratik Y Chhatbar¹, Mark S George², Steven A Kautz³, Wuwei Feng⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, United States. Electronic address: chhatbar@musc.edu.
² Brain Stimulation Laboratory, Department of Behavioral Science & Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, United States; Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States.
³ Department of Health Science & Research, Medical University of South Carolina, United States; Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States.
⁴ Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, United States; Department of Health Science & Research, Medical University of South Carolina, United States.

PMID: 28804004
PMCID: PMC5807724
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.08.008

Comment

Charge density, not current density, is a more comprehensive safety measure of transcranial direct current stimulation

Pratik Y Chhatbar et al. Brain Behav Immun. 2017 Nov.

. 2017 Nov:66:414-415.

doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.08.008. Epub 2017 Aug 10.

Authors

Pratik Y Chhatbar¹, Mark S George², Steven A Kautz³, Wuwei Feng⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, United States. Electronic address: chhatbar@musc.edu.
² Brain Stimulation Laboratory, Department of Behavioral Science & Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, United States; Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States.
³ Department of Health Science & Research, Medical University of South Carolina, United States; Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States.
⁴ Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, United States; Department of Health Science & Research, Medical University of South Carolina, United States.

PMID: 28804004
PMCID: PMC5807724
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.08.008

No abstract available

Keywords: Charge density; Current density; Dose; Stimulation duration; tDCS.

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Figures

**Figure 1. Jackson *et al*. 2017 actually shows higher safety threshold than previously reported by Liebetanz *et al*. 2009**
(A) Charge density plot. (B) Charge delivery per unit volume of the brain (arbitrary, assuming 2000× human to rat brain volume ratio - the total charge delivered to the human brain per unit volume is much smaller when compared with the rat brain.) Note the logarithmic scale on the azimuth in both the plots (from Chhatbar *et al*.).

See this image and copyright information in PMC

Comment on

Safety parameter considerations of anodal transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in rats.
Jackson MP, Truong D, Brownlow ML, Wagner JA, McKinley RA, Bikson M, Jankord R. Jackson MP, et al. Brain Behav Immun. 2017 Aug;64:152-161. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.04.008. Epub 2017 Apr 17. Brain Behav Immun. 2017. PMID: 28427911 Free PMC article.
Quantitative reassessment of safety limits of tDCS for two animal studies.
Chhatbar PY, George MS, Kautz SA, Feng W. Chhatbar PY, et al. Brain Stimul. 2017 Sep-Oct;10(5):1011-1012. doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2017.07.008. Epub 2017 Jul 24. Brain Stimul. 2017. PMID: 28764993 Free PMC article. No abstract available.
Toward comprehensive tDCS safety standards.
Jackson MP, Bikson M, Liebetanz D, Nitsche M. Jackson MP, et al. Brain Behav Immun. 2017 Nov;66:413. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.08.007. Epub 2017 Aug 9. Brain Behav Immun. 2017. PMID: 28803157 Free PMC article. No abstract available.

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References

1. Jackson MP, et al. Safety parameter considerations of anodal transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in rats. Brain Behav Immun. 2017;64:152–161. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.04.008. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Liebetanz D, et al. Safety limits of cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation in rats. Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. 2009;120:1161–1167. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2009.01.022. - DOI - PubMed
1. Chhatbar PY, et al. Safety and tolerability of transcranial direct current stimulation to stroke patients - A phase I current escalation study. Brain Stimul. 2017;10:553–559. doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2017.02.007. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Chhatbar PY, George MS, Kautz SA, Feng W. Quantitative reassessment of safety limits of tDCS for two animal studies. Brain Stimulation. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2017.07.008. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

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Charge density, not current density, is a more comprehensive safety measure of transcranial direct current stimulation

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Charge density, not current density, is a more comprehensive safety measure of transcranial direct current stimulation

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