Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2017 Sep;53(3):e105-e113.
doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2017.03.002. Epub 2017 Aug 14.

Economics of Self-Measured Blood Pressure Monitoring: A Community Guide Systematic Review

Verughese Jacob  1 , Sajal K Chattopadhyay  2 , Krista K Proia  3 , David P Hopkins  2 , Jeffrey Reynolds  2 , Anilkrishna B Thota  2 , Christopher D Jones  4 , Daniel T Lackland  5 , Kimberly J Rask  6 , Nicolaas P Pronk  7 , John M Clymer  8 , Ron Z Goetzel  9 ; Community Preventive Services Task Force
Affiliations

Economics of Self-Measured Blood Pressure Monitoring: A Community Guide Systematic Review

Verughese Jacob et al. Am J Prev Med. 2017 Sep.

Abstract

Context: The health and economic burden of hypertension, a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, is substantial. This systematic review evaluated the economic evidence of self-measured blood pressure (SMBP) monitoring interventions to control hypertension.

Evidence acquisition: The literature search from database inception to March 2015 identified 22 studies for inclusion with three types of interventions: SMBP used alone, SMBP with additional support, and SMBP within team-based care (TBC). Two formulae were used to convert reductions in systolic BP (SBP) to quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) to produce cost per QALY saved. All analyses were conducted in 2015, with estimates adjusted to 2014 U.S. dollars.

Evidence synthesis: Median costs of intervention were $60 and $174 per person for SMBP alone and SMBP with additional support, respectively, and $732 per person per year for SMBP within TBC. SMBP alone and SMBP with additional support reduced healthcare cost per person per year from outpatient visits and medication (medians $148 and $3, respectively; median follow-up, 12-13 months). SMBP within TBC exhibited an increase in healthcare cost (median, $369 per person per year; median follow-up, 18 months). SMBP alone varied from cost saving to a maximum cost of $144,000 per QALY saved, with two studies reporting an increase in SBP. The two translated median costs per QALY saved were $2,800 and $4,000 for SMBP with additional support and $7,500 and $10,800 for SMBP within TBC.

Conclusions: SMBP monitoring interventions with additional support or within TBC are cost effective. Cost effectiveness of SMBP used alone could not be determined.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Economics of SMBP monitoring interventions to improve BP control. BP, blood pressure; CVD, cardiovascular disease; LY, life years; QALY, quality-adjusted life years; SMBP, self-measured blood pressure; TBC, team-based care
Figure 2
Figure 2
Economic evidence search yield. AHRQ, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; SME, subject matter expert *Uhlig K, Patel K, Ip S, Kitsios GD, Balk EM. Self-measured blood pressure monitoring in the management of hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2013;159(3):185–194.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Mozaffarian D, Benjamin EJ, Go AS, et al. Executive summary: heart disease and stroke statistics—2016 Update. A report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2016;133(4):447–454. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000366. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Goff DC, Jr, Lloyd-Jones DM, Bennett G, et al. 2013 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk. A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63(25 Pt B):2935–2959. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2013.11.005. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Ovbiagele B, Goldstein LB, Higashida RT, et al. Forecasting the future of stroke in the United States. A policy statement from the American Heart Association and American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2013;44(8):2361–2375. https://doi.org/10.1161/STR.0b013e31829734f2. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Lackland DT, Roccella EJ, Deutsch AF, et al. Factors influencing the decline in stroke mortality: a statement from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2014;45(1):315–353. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.str.0000437068.30550.cf. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Uhlig K, Balk EM, Patel K, et al. Comparative Effectiveness Reviews No. 45. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; [Accessed August 30, 2016]. 2012. Self-measured blood pressure monitoring: comparative effectiveness [Internet] www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22439158. - PubMed

Publication types

MeSH terms