Utility and Comparative Efficacy of Recombinant Allergens Versus Allergen Extract

Abstract

Allergy immunotherapy (AIT) is the only disease-modifying therapy for the treatment of allergic diseases. Although its efficacy and utility are well-established, the potential for serious adverse events, cumbersome and lengthy treatment protocols, and variability of natural allergen preparations have limited its widespread application. Recent advances in recombinant technology have opened new avenues for the development of AIT vaccines. The purpose of this review is to highlight recent evidence on the use of novel recombinant vaccines and review the mechanisms, efficacy, safety, and limitations of AIT. Emerging evidence suggests that recombinant vaccines may provide a viable treatment alternative that improves on the limitations of natural extract therapy while maintaining efficacy.

Keywords: Adverse effects of immunotherapy; Allergy immunotherapy; Carrier-bound B cell epitopes; Hypoallergenic vaccines; Mechanisms of allergen immunotherapy; Mechanisms of recombinant allergy immunotherapy; Recombinant allergy vaccines; T cell epitope therapy.