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. 2017 Jul-Sep;29(3):279-286.
doi: 10.5935/0103-507X.20170038. Epub 2017 Aug 21.

Behavior of lung ultrasound findings during spontaneous breathing trial

[Article in Portuguese, English]
Affiliations

Behavior of lung ultrasound findings during spontaneous breathing trial

[Article in Portuguese, English]
Ana Carolina Peçanha Antonio et al. Rev Bras Ter Intensiva. 2017 Jul-Sep.

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to investigate a potential association between B-lines and weaning failure.

Methods: Fifty-seven subjects eligible for ventilation liberation were enrolled. Patients with tracheostomy were excluded. Lung ultrasound assessments of six thoracic zones were performed immediately before and at the exnd of the spontaneous breathing trial. B-predominance was defined as any profile with anterior bilateral B-pattern. Patients were followed up to 48 hours after extubation.

Results: Thirty-eight individuals were successfully extubated; 11 failed the spontaneous breathing trial and 8 needed reintubation within 48 hours of extubation. At the beginning of the T-piece trial, B-pattern or consolidation was already found at the lower and posterior lung regions in more than half of the individuals and remained non-aerated at the end of the trial. A trend toward loss of lung aeration during spontaneous breathing trials was observed only in the spontaneous breathing trial-failure group (p = 0.07), and there was higher B-predominance at the end of the trial (p = 0.01).

Conclusion: A loss of lung aeration during the spontaneous breathing trial in non-dependent lung zones was demonstrated in subjects who failed to wean.

Objetivo: Investigar potencial associação entre a presença de linhas B e a falha do desmame.

Métodos: Foram inscritos 57 pacientes elegíveis para liberação da ventilação. Excluíram-se pacientes com traqueostomia. Realizou-se avaliação ultrassonográfica pulmonar de seis zonas torácicas imediatamente antes e após o final da tentativa de respiração espontânea. Definiu-se a predominância de linhas B como qualquer perfil com padrão B bilateral anterior. Os pacientes foram seguidos por 48 horas após a extubação.

Resultados: Foram extubados com sucesso 38 pacientes; 11 tiveram falha da tentativa de respiração espontânea; e 8 necessitaram de reintubação dentro de 48 horas após extubados. No início da tentativa com peça T, já se observava padrão B ou consolidação nas regiões posterior e inferior dos pulmões em mais de metade dos indivíduos, que permaneceram não aeradas ao final da tentativa. Observou-se certa tendência à perda da aeração pulmonar durante a tentativa de respiração espontânea apenas no grupo com falha da tentativa de respiração espontânea (p = 0,07), assim como maior predominância de padrão B ao final da tentativa (p = 0,01).

Conclusão: A perda de aeração pulmonar durante a tentativa de respiração espontânea em áreas pulmonares não dependentes foi demonstrada em pacientes que tiveram falha do desmame.

Objetivo: Investigar potencial associação entre a presença de linhas B e a falha do desmame.

Métodos: Foram inscritos 57 pacientes elegíveis para liberação da ventilação. Excluíram-se pacientes com traqueostomia. Realizou-se avaliação ultrassonográfica pulmonar de seis zonas torácicas imediatamente antes e após o final da tentativa de respiração espontânea. Definiu-se a predominância de linhas B como qualquer perfil com padrão B bilateral anterior. Os pacientes foram seguidos por 48 horas após a extubação.

Resultados: Foram extubados com sucesso 38 pacientes; 11 tiveram falha da tentativa de respiração espontânea; e 8 necessitaram de reintubação dentro de 48 horas após extubados. No início da tentativa com peça T, já se observava padrão B ou consolidação nas regiões posterior e inferior dos pulmões em mais de metade dos indivíduos, que permaneceram não aeradas ao final da tentativa. Observou-se certa tendência à perda da aeração pulmonar durante a tentativa de respiração espontânea apenas no grupo com falha da tentativa de respiração espontânea (p = 0,07), assim como maior predominância de padrão B ao final da tentativa (p = 0,01).

Conclusão: A perda de aeração pulmonar durante a tentativa de respiração espontânea em áreas pulmonares não dependentes foi demonstrada em pacientes que tiveram falha do desmame.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest: None.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Prevalence of B-pattern and consolidation (C-lines) in 12 zones before spontaneous breathing trial in all 57 individuals. At the beginning of the T-piece trial, B-pattern and/or C-lines were already found at the lower and posterior lung regions in more than half of the individuals and remained non-aerated at the end of the trial. A - right side; B - left side.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Lung ultrasound is largely based on the interpretation of artifacts created by the interplay of air and fluid in the lung. (A) The ribs on each side of the lung window (vertical arrows) form the bat wings of the "bat" sign, and the hyperechoic pleural line (horizontal arrow at the top) resemble the bat's body. Normal or well-aerated lung tissue leads to the formation of horizontal reverberation artifacts repeated in distance intervals roughly equal to the parietal pleura to the skin distance; these intervals are labeled A-lines (horizontal arrow below pleural line). (B) If the amount of fluid in the lung tissue is increased such as in pulmonary edema, the repetition artifacts multiply and vertical lines appear (B-lines - arrow), erasing A-lines.

Comment in

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