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Review
. 2017 Aug 23;17(10):92.
doi: 10.1007/s11892-017-0918-8.

Weight Management in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes and Obesity

Adham Mottalib  1 , Megan Kasetty  1   2 , Jessica Y Mar  1   3 , Taha Elseaidy  1 , Sahar Ashrafzadeh  1 , Osama Hamdy  4   5
Affiliations
Review

Weight Management in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes and Obesity

Adham Mottalib et al. Curr Diab Rep. .

Abstract

Purpose of review: Patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are typically viewed as lean individuals. However, recent reports showed that their obesity rate surpassed that of the general population. Patients with T1D who show clinical signs of type 2 diabetes such as obesity and insulin resistance are considered to have "double diabetes." This review explains the mechanisms of weight gain in patients with T1D and how to manage it.

Recent findings: Weight management in T1D can be successfully achieved in real-world clinical practice. Nutrition therapy includes reducing energy intake and providing a structured nutrition plan that is lower in carbohydrates and glycemic index and higher in fiber and lean protein. The exercise plan should include combination stretching as well as aerobic and resistance exercises to maintain muscle mass. Dynamic adjustment of insulin doses is necessary during weight management. Addition of anti-obesity medications may be considered. If medical weight reduction is not achieved, bariatric surgery may also be considered.

Keywords: Anti-obesity medications; Bariatric surgery; Nutrition therapy; Obesity; Type 1 diabetes; Weight management.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest

Adham Mottalib, Megan Kasetty, Jessica Y. Mar, Taha Elseaidy, and Sahar Ashrafzadeh declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Osama Hamdy reports grants from National Dairy Council, Novo Nordisk, Abbott Nutrition, Intarcia, Inc., and Metagenics, Inc., personal fees from AstraZeneca and Merck, and is a shareholder for Healthimation, LLC.

Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent

This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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