Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2017 Nov 1:391:18-33.
doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.08.002. Epub 2017 Aug 22.

Mitochondrial toxicity of tobacco smoke and air pollution

Jessica L Fetterman  1 , Melissa J Sammy  2 , Scott W Ballinger  3
Affiliations
Review

Mitochondrial toxicity of tobacco smoke and air pollution

Jessica L Fetterman et al. Toxicology. .
No abstract available

Keywords: Air pollution; Mitochondria; Mitochondrial DNA; Mitochondrial toxicity; Tobacco.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Mitochondrial functions
The citric acid cycle serves as a source of metabolic intermediates (citrate, a-ketoglutarate, etc) for several biosynthetic pathways (glucose, fatty acid, cholesterol synthesis, etc), and electron transport. Energy derived from electrons as they move through the electron transport complexes is utilized to pump protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane to form an electrochemical gradient; this conserved energy is used to generate molecular energy (ATP) at ATP synthase. Energy not conserved for proton pumping is lost in the form of thermal energy (heat). Under conditions of increased ATP/ADP ratios, electron acceptors remain in the reduced state for longer periods of time, and therefore electrons can also react with molecular oxygen to form the oxidant superoxide (O2·−), that can be converted to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a cell-signaling molecule by manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) in the mitochondrion, or alternatively, react with nitric oxide (·NO) to form peroxynitrite (ONOO−), an oxidant, which in the presence of carbon dioxide (CO2), can form nitrosoperoxycarbonate (ONOOCO2−), a nitrating agent.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. King BA, Mirza SA, Babb SD, Group GC. A cross-country comparison of secondhand smoke exposure among adults: findings from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) Tob Control. 2013;22:e5. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Lim SS, Vos T, Flaxman AD, Danaei G, Shibuya K, Adair-Rohani H, Amann M, Anderson HR, Andrews KG, Aryee M, Atkinson C, Bacchus LJ, Bahalim AN, Balakrishnan K, Balmes J, Barker-Collo S, Baxter A, Bell ML, Blore JD, Blyth F, Bonner C, Borges G, Bourne R, Boussinesq M, Brauer M, Brooks P, Bruce NG, Brunekreef B, Bryan-Hancock C, Bucello C, Buchbinder R, Bull F, Burnett RT, Byers TE, Calabria B, Carapetis J, Carnahan E, Chafe Z, Charlson F, Chen H, Chen JS, Cheng AT, Child JC, Cohen A, Colson KE, Cowie BC, Darby S, Darling S, Davis A, Degenhardt L, Dentener F, Des Jarlais DC, Devries K, Dherani M, Ding EL, Dorsey ER, Driscoll T, Edmond K, Ali SE, Engell RE, Erwin PJ, Fahimi S, Falder G, Farzadfar F, Ferrari A, Finucane MM, Flaxman S, Fowkes FG, Freedman G, Freeman MK, Gakidou E, Ghosh S, Giovannucci E, Gmel G, Graham K, Grainger R, Grant B, Gunnell D, Gutierrez HR, Hall W, Hoek HW, Hogan A, Hosgood HD, 3rd, Hoy D, Hu H, Hubbell BJ, Hutchings SJ, Ibeanusi SE, Jacklyn GL, Jasrasaria R, Jonas JB, Kan H, Kanis JA, Kassebaum N, Kawakami N, Khang YH, Khatibzadeh S, Khoo JP, Kok C, Laden F, Lalloo R, Lan Q, Lathlean T, Leasher JL, Leigh J, Li Y, Lin JK, Lipshultz SE, London S, Lozano R, Lu Y, Mak J, Malekzadeh R, Mallinger L, Marcenes W, March L, Marks R, Martin R, McGale P, McGrath J, Mehta S, Mensah GA, Merriman TR, Micha R, Michaud C, Mishra V, Mohd Hanafiah K, Mokdad AA, Morawska L, Mozaffarian D, Murphy T, Naghavi M, Neal B, Nelson PK, Nolla JM, Norman R, Olives C, Omer SB, Orchard J, Osborne R, Ostro B, Page A, Pandey KD, Parry CD, Passmore E, Patra J, Pearce N, Pelizzari PM, Petzold M, Phillips MR, Pope D, Pope CA, 3rd, Powles J, Rao M, Razavi H, Rehfuess EA, Rehm JT, Ritz B, Rivara FP, Roberts T, Robinson C, Rodriguez-Portales JA, Romieu I, Room R, Rosenfeld LC, Roy A, Rushton L, Salomon JA, Sampson U, Sanchez-Riera L, Sanman E, Sapkota A, Seedat S, Shi P, Shield K, Shivakoti R, Singh GM, Sleet DA, Smith E, Smith KR, Stapelberg NJ, Steenland K, Stockl H, Stovner LJ, Straif K, Straney L, Thurston GD, Tran JH, Van Dingenen R, van Donkelaar A, Veerman JL, Vijayakumar L, Weintraub R, Weissman MM, White RA, Whiteford H, Wiersma ST, Wilkinson JD, Williams HC, Williams W, Wilson N, Woolf AD, Yip P, Zielinski JM, Lopez AD, Murray CJ, Ezzati M, AlMazroa MA, Memish ZA. A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet. 2012;380:2224–60. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Martin WJ, 2nd, Glass RI, Balbus JM, Collins FS. Public health. A major environmental cause of death. Science. 2011;334:180–1. - PMC - PubMed
    1. World Health Organization. Ambient Air Pollution: a global assessment of exposure and burden of disease. World Health Organization; 2016.
    1. Antman E, Arnett D, Jessup M, Sherwin C. The 50th anniversary of the US surgeon general’s report on tobacco: what we’ve accomplished and where we go from here. J Am Heart Assoc. 2014;3:e000740. - PMC - PubMed

Publication types

MeSH terms