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. 2017 Aug 25;12(8):e0183816.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183816. eCollection 2017.

Expression of LRIG proteins as possible prognostic factors in primary vaginal carcinoma

Cecilia Ranhem  1   2 , Gabriella Lillsunde Larsson  3   4 , Håkan Hedman  5 , David Lindquist  5 , Mats G Karlsson  6 , Ann-Cathrin Hellström  1 , Ellinor Östensson  1   7 , Bengt Sorbe  8 , Kristina Hellman  9 , Sonia Andersson  1
Affiliations

Expression of LRIG proteins as possible prognostic factors in primary vaginal carcinoma

Cecilia Ranhem et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Background: Primary vaginal carcinoma (PVC) is a rare malignancy. Established prognostic factors include tumour stage and age at diagnosis. The leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobuline-like domains (LRIG)-1 protein functions as a tumour suppressor, but less is known about the functions of LRIG2 and LRIG3. The present study aimed to evaluate the expression of LRIG proteins and analyse their possible associations with clinical characteristics and survival in a cohort of PVC patients.

Methods: We used immunohistochemistry to investigate LRIG1, LRIG2, and LRIG3 expression in tumour samples from a consecutive cohort of 70 PVC patients. The association between LRIG protein expression and clinical characteristics and cancer-specific survival was investigated using univariate and multivariate analyses.

Results: The majority of PVC patients (72%) had >50% LRIG1- and LRIG2-positive cells, and no or low LRIG3-positive cells. HPV status was significantly correlated with LRIG1 expression (p = 0.0047). Having high LRIG1 expression was significantly correlated with superior cancer-specific survival in univariate and multivariate analyses. LRIG2 and LRIG3 expression did not significantly correlate with clinical characteristics or survival.

Conclusion: LRIG1 expression might be of interest as a prognostic marker in PVC patients, whereas the role of LRIG2 and LRIG3 expression remains to be clarified.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Examples of different staining intensities for LRIG1, LRIG2, and LRIG3 in primary vaginal carcinoma.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Cancer-specific survival rate versus LRIG1 expression in immunohistochemical staining (score 3 vs. score 0–2).
Log-rank test showed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.011).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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