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. 2018 Jan;63(1):54-64.
doi: 10.1177/0706743717723825. Epub 2017 Aug 28.

Mental Disorder Symptoms among Public Safety Personnel in Canada

Affiliations

Mental Disorder Symptoms among Public Safety Personnel in Canada

R Nicholas Carleton et al. Can J Psychiatry. 2018 Jan.

Abstract

Background: Canadian public safety personnel (PSP; e.g., correctional workers, dispatchers, firefighters, paramedics, police officers) are exposed to potentially traumatic events as a function of their work. Such exposures contribute to the risk of developing clinically significant symptoms related to mental disorders. The current study was designed to provide estimates of mental disorder symptom frequencies and severities for Canadian PSP.

Methods: An online survey was made available in English or French from September 2016 to January 2017. The survey assessed current symptoms, and participation was solicited from national PSP agencies and advocacy groups. Estimates were derived using well-validated screening measures.

Results: There were 5813 participants (32.5% women) who were grouped into 6 categories (i.e., call center operators/dispatchers, correctional workers, firefighters, municipal/provincial police, paramedics, Royal Canadian Mounted Police). Substantial proportions of participants reported current symptoms consistent with 1 (i.e., 15.1%) or more (i.e., 26.7%) mental disorders based on the screening measures. There were significant differences across PSP categories with respect to proportions screening positive based on each measure.

Interpretation: The estimated proportion of PSP reporting current symptom clusters consistent with 1 or more mental disorders appears higher than previously published estimates for the general population; however, direct comparisons are impossible because of methodological differences. The available data suggest that Canadian PSP experience substantial and heterogeneous difficulties with mental health and underscore the need for a rigorous epidemiologic study and category-specific solutions.

Contexte:: Le personnel de la sécurité publique (PSP) canadien (p. ex., les travailleurs des services correctionnels, les répartiteurs, les pompiers, les ambulanciers, les officiers de police) sont exposés à des événements possiblement traumatisants dans le cadre de leur travail. Ces expositions contribuent au risque de développer des symptômes cliniquement significatifs liés à des troubles mentaux. La présente étude a été conçue pour offrir des estimations de la fréquence et de la gravité des symptômes de trouble mental pour le PSP canadien.

Méthodes:: Un sondage en ligne a été offert en anglais et en français de septembre 2016 à janvier 2017. Le sondage estimait les symptômes actuels, et la participation a été sollicitée dans les agences nationales de PSP et les groupes de défense d'intérêts. Les estimations ont été obtenues à l'aide de mesures de dépistage bien validées.

Résultats:: Il y a eu 5813 participants (32,5 % de femmes) qui ont été regroupés en 6 catégories (p. ex., opérateurs/répartiteurs de centres d'appels, travailleurs de services correctionnels, pompiers, police municipale/provinciale, ambulanciers, Gendarmerie royale du Canada). Des proportions substantielles de participants ont déclaré des symptômes actuels compatibles avec un (c.-à-d., 15,1 %) trouble mental ou plus (c.-à-d., 26,7 %) selon les mesures de dépistage. Il y avait des différences significatives entre les catégories de PSP relativement aux proportions positives au dépistage, selon chaque mesure.

Interprétation:: La proportion estimée de PSP déclarant des groupes de symptômes actuels compatibles avec un trouble mental ou plus semble plus élevée que les estimations publiées précédemment pour la population générale; toutefois, les comparaisons directes sont impossibles en raison des différences méthodologiques. Les données disponibles suggèrent que le PSP canadien éprouve des difficultés de santé mentale substantielles et hétérogènes, et elles soulignent le besoin d'une étude épidémiologique rigoureuse ainsi que des solutions propres à chaque catégorie.

Keywords: first responders; mental disorders; operational stress injuries; posttraumatic stress disorder; public safety personnel.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Conflicting Interests: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

References

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