Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Editorial
. 2017 Aug 29;18(1):276.
doi: 10.1186/s12882-017-0685-4.

Urbanization and kidney function decline in low and middle income countries

Ram Jagannathan  1 , Rachel E Patzer  2
Affiliations
Editorial

Urbanization and kidney function decline in low and middle income countries

Ram Jagannathan et al. BMC Nephrol. .

Abstract

Urbanization is expected to increase in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), and might contribute to the increased disease burden. The association between urbanization and CKD is incompletely understood among LMICs. Recently, Inoue et al., explored the association of urbanization on renal function from the China Health and Nutrition Survey. The study found that individuals living in an urban environment had a higher odds of reduced renal function independent of behavioral and cardiometabolic measures, and this effect increased in a dose dependent manner. In this commentary, we discuss the results of these findings and explain the need for more surveillance studies among LMICs.

Keywords: Chronic kidney disease; Low-Middle income countries; Management; Screening; Urbanization.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Ethics approval and consent to participate

Not applicable.

Consent for publication

Not Applicable.

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interest.

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

References

    1. van Ginkel H. Urban future. Nature. 2008;456(n1s):32–33. doi: 10.1038/twas08.32a. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Nations U: http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/news/population/world-urbanization.... 2014.
    1. Allender S, Wickramasinghe K, Goldacre M, Matthews D, Katulanda P. Quantifying urbanization as a risk factor for noncommunicable disease. Journal of urban health. 2011;88(5):906–918. doi: 10.1007/s11524-011-9586-1. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Oyebode O, Pape UJ, Laverty AA, Lee JT, Bhan N, Millett C. Rural, urban and migrant differences in non-communicable disease risk-factors in middle income countries: a cross-sectional study of WHO-SAGE data. PLoS One. 2015;10(4) doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122747. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Stanifer JW, Muiru A, Jafar TH, Patel UD. Chronic kidney disease in low-and middle-income countries. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation. 2016;31(6):868–874. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfv466. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

Publication types

MeSH terms