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Comparative Study
. 2017 Nov;20(4):202-208.
doi: 10.1111/ocr.12198. Epub 2017 Aug 30.

Morphometric analysis of the maxillary root apex positions according to crowding severity

S H Kim  1 , S M Shin  2 , Y S Choi  2 , C C Ko  3 , S S Kim  1 , S B Park  1 , W S Son  1 , Y-I Kim  1   4
Affiliations
Comparative Study

Morphometric analysis of the maxillary root apex positions according to crowding severity

S H Kim et al. Orthod Craniofac Res. 2017 Nov.

Abstract

Objectives: To determine differences in arch forms derived from the root apices locations between individuals with <2 mm maxillary crowding and controls.

Setting and sample population: The Department of Orthodontics, Pusan National University. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of 102 patients in the control group and 95 patients in the crowding group.

Materials and methods: X, Y and Z coordinates of the tip of the crowns and the apex of the root of the maxillary teeth (except second molars) were determined on the CBCT images. The acquired three-dimensional (3D) coordinates were converted into two-dimensional (2D) coordinates via projection on the palatal plane, and the Procrustes analysis was employed to process the converted 2D coordinates. The mean shape of the arch form derived from the location of the tip of the crowns and the apex of the root was compared between groups using the statistical shape analysis.

Results: There was a statistically significant difference (P = .046) between the groups for the mean shape of the root apex arch form, but the difference was small and clinically irrelevant as it is minor compared to the degree of crowding.

Conclusions: Maxillary arch from at the level of the maxillary apices only shows minor differences between crowded and non-crowded dentitions.

Keywords: cone-beam computed tomography; crowding; dental arch; procrustes superimposition.

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Conflict of interest statement

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

None declared.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
CBCT image indicating crown tip and root apex of each tooth, as determined with Ondemand3D software. (A) Root apex, (B) crown tip [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Landmarks and arch form for crown tips. (A) Landmarks, (B) arch form [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Landmarks and arch form for root apex. (A) Landmarks, (B) arch form [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Mean shape of the maxillary arch constructed from locations of the crown tips and root apices. (A) Arch form derived from the crown tips, (B) arch form derived from the root apices [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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