A Comparison of HIV-Related Risk Factors Between Black Transgender Women and Black Men Who Have Sex with Men

Abstract

Purpose: Rates of HIV infection among transgender women (TW) are higher than rates observed among men who have sex with men (MSM), and black or African American individuals are at a disproportionately higher risk for HIV than individuals of other races. Limited information, however, is available regarding the needs of black TW and their risk for HIV. Numerous scholarly works and surveillance reports have combined TW with MSM, which has stymied our ability to understand the unique needs of black TW. Methods: To identify patterns of HIV risk among black TW and black MSM, the current study utilized a cross-sectional, convenience sample to compare sociodemographic risk factors, HIV prevention tools, HIV-related risk factors, and psychosocial and sexual risk factors in a sample of 58 black TW and 764 black MSM. Participants were recruited between 2012 and 2014 from Atlanta, GA. Results: Findings demonstrated that black TW were significantly more likely to report lower educational attainment (odds ratio [OR]=0.60, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.42-0.85, p=0.005), greater likelihood of being homeless (OR=2.49, 95% CI: 1.30-4.78, p=0.006), lower HIV testing knowledge (OR=0.66, 95% CI: 0.52-0.83, p=0.001), and higher likelihood of having engaged in transactional sex (OR=1.95, 95% CI: 0.99-3.83, p=0.052) compared to black MSM. Conclusions: These findings highlight the need to understand how risk factors for HIV present themselves similarly and differently for both black TW and black MSM, and for HIV prevention programs and interventions to incorporate evidence-based content for each group.

Keywords: HIV/AIDS; intersectionality; men who have sex with men; transgender.