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Observational Study
. 2017 Aug;37(4):328-335.
doi: 10.14639/0392-100X-1121.

Italian survey on benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

A Messina  1 , A P Casani  2 , M Manfrin  3 , G Guidetti  4
Affiliations
Observational Study

Italian survey on benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

A Messina et al. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2017 Aug.

Abstract
in English, Italian

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most common type of peripheral vertigo. BPPV often relapses after the first episode, with a recurrence rate between 15% and 50%. To date both the aetiopathogenetic processes that lead to otoconia detachment and the factors that make BPPV a relapsing disease are still unclear, but recent epidemiological studies have shown a possible association with cardiovascular risk factors. The aim of the present study (Sesto Senso Survey) was to evaluate in the Italian population through an observational survey, the main demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with BPPV (first episode or recurrent) with particular focus on the potential cardiovascular risk factors. The survey was conducted in 158 vestibology centres across Italy on 2,682 patients (mean age 59.3 ± 15.0 years; 39.1% males and 60.9% females) suffering from BPPV, from January 2013 to December 2014. The results showed a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors such as high blood pressure (55.8%), hypercholesterolaemia (38.6%) and diabetes (17.7%), as well as a family history of cardiovascular disease (49.4%). A high percentage of patients also had hearing loss (42.9%), tinnitus (41.2%), or both (26.8%). The presence of hypertension, dyslipidaemia and pre-existing cardiovascular comorbidities were significantly related to recurrent BPPV episodes (OR range between 1.84 and 2.31). In addition, the association with diabetes and thyroid/autoimmune disease (OR range between 1.73 and 1.89) was relevant. The survey results confirm the significant association between cardiovascular comorbidities and recurrent BPPV and identify them as a potential important risk factor for recurrence of BPPV in the Italian population, paving the way for the evaluation of new therapeutic strategies in the treatment of this disease.

La vertigine parossistica posizionale benigna (VPPB) è il tipo più comune di vertigine periferica. Frequentemente dopo il primo episodio la VPPB presenta recidive, con un tasso di ricorrenza tra il 15% ed il 50%. Ad oggi non vi è chiarezza sui processi eziopatogenetici che portano al distacco degli otoconi né su quali siano i fattori che rendono la VPPB una patologia recidivante, ma recenti studi epidemiologici hanno evidenziato una possibile associazione con fattori di rischio cardiovascolari. Lo scopo del presente studio (Sesto Senso Survey) è stato quello di valutare nella popolazione italiana, attraverso un’indagine osservazionale, le principali caratteristiche demografiche e cliniche dei pazienti con VPPB (primo episodio o ricorrente), con particolare attenzione ai potenziali fattori di rischio cardiovascolare. L’indagine è stata condotta in 158 centri di Vestibologia in tutta Italia su 2.682 pazienti (età media 59,3 ± 15,0 anni; 39,1 maschi e 60,9% femmine) affetti da VPPB, da gennaio 2013 a dicembre 2014. I risultati hanno mostrato in questi pazienti l’alta prevalenza di fattori di rischio cardiovascolari come ipertensione arteriosa (55,8%), ipercolesterolemia (38,6%) e diabete (17,7%), oltre ad una elevata familiarità per malattie cardiovascolari (49,4%). In un’elevata percentuale di pazienti si è inoltre registrata la presenza di ipoacusia (42,9%), acufeni (41,2%) o entrambi (26,8%). Significativamente correlata agli episodi di recidiva di VPPB è risultata la presenza di ipertensione arteriosa, dislipidemia e comorbidità cardiovascolare accertata (range OR tra 1,84 e 2,31). Rilevanti anche le associazioni con diabete e patologie tiroidee e autoimmuni (range OR tra 1,73 e 1,89). I risultati dell’indagine confermano la significativa associazione tra comorbidità cardiovascolari e VPPB recidivanti e le identificano come importante potenziale fattore di rischio per le recidive di VPPB nella popolazione italiana, aprendo la strada alla valutazione di nuove strategie terapeutiche nel trattamento di questa patologia.

Keywords: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo; Cardiovascular diseases; Risk factors; Therapy.

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Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Data collection form.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
Association between recurrent BPPV and comorbidities, medications, lifestyles: Crude OR and 95% Confidence Intervals.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 3.
Prevalence of vascular risk factors in the study sample and the general population.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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