Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2017 Sep 6;12(9):e0182210.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182210. eCollection 2017.

Happy creativity: Listening to happy music facilitates divergent thinking

Affiliations

Happy creativity: Listening to happy music facilitates divergent thinking

Simone M Ritter et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Creativity can be considered one of the key competencies for the twenty-first century. It provides us with the capacity to deal with the opportunities and challenges that are part of our complex and fast-changing world. The question as to what facilitates creative cognition-the ability to come up with creative ideas, problem solutions and products-is as old as the human sciences, and various means to enhance creative cognition have been studied. Despite earlier scientific studies demonstrating a beneficial effect of music on cognition, the effect of music listening on creative cognition has remained largely unexplored. The current study experimentally tests whether listening to specific types of music (four classical music excerpts systematically varying on valance and arousal), as compared to a silence control condition, facilitates divergent and convergent creativity. Creativity was higher for participants who listened to 'happy music' (i.e., classical music high on arousal and positive mood) while performing the divergent creativity task, than for participants who performed the task in silence. No effect of music was found for convergent creativity. In addition to the scientific contribution, the current findings may have important practical implications. Music listening can be easily integrated into daily life and may provide an innovative means to facilitate creative cognition in an efficient way in various scientific, educational and organizational settings when creative thinking is needed.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Overall divergent thinking (ODT) score.
Mean of the Overall divergent thinking (ODT) score during the Alternative Uses Task in the happy music and silence control condition. Error bars represent Standard Error of the Mean. Significant differences between conditions at p < .05 are represented with *.

References

    1. Ritter SM, Mostert N. Enhancement of Creative Thinking Skills Using a Cognitive-Based Creativity Training. J Cogn Enhanc. 2016; 1: 1–11.
    1. Adaman JE, Blaney PH. The Effects of Musical Mood Induction on Creativity. J Creative Beh. 1995; 29(2): 95–108.
    1. Kim KH. The creativity crisis: The decrease in creative thinking scores on the Torrance tests of creative thinking. Creativity Res J. 2011;23(4): 285–295.
    1. Kimbell R. Creativity in crisis. J Design & Tech Educ. 2000:5(3): 206–2115.
    1. Newton LD, Newton DP. What teachers see as creative incidents in elementary science lessons. Int J Sci Educ. 2010;32(15): 1989–2005.

LinkOut - more resources