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Review
. 2017 Sep 12;70(11):1379-1402.
doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.07.770.

The Evolving Future of Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio and Fractional Flow Reserve

Matthias Götberg  1 , Christopher M Cook  2 , Sayan Sen  2 , Sukhjinder Nijjer  2 , Javier Escaned  3 , Justin E Davies  2
Affiliations
Free article
Review

The Evolving Future of Instantaneous Wave-Free Ratio and Fractional Flow Reserve

Matthias Götberg et al. J Am Coll Cardiol. .
Free article

Abstract

In this review, the authors reflect upon the role of coronary physiology in the modern management of coronary artery disease. They critically appraise the scientific background of the instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR) and fractional flow reserve (FFR), from early experimental studies to validation studies against indexes of ischemia, to clinical trials assessing outcome. At this important juncture for the field, the authors make predictions for the future of physiological stenosis assessment, outlining developments for both iFR and FFR in new clinical domains beyond the confines of stable angina. With a focus on the evolving future of iFR and FFR, the authors describe how physiological assessment with iFR may advance its application from simply justifying to guiding revascularization.

Keywords: coronary artery bypass graft; coronary physiology; coronary stenosis; myocardial revascularization; percutaneous coronary intervention.

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