Cataract Surgery From 1918 to the Present and Future-Just Imagine!

Abstract

Purpose: To review the history of cataract surgery over the past 100 years, and to offer predictions about new developments that may occur during the next 50 years.

Design: Interpretive essay.

Methods: Review of historical literature and author experiences pertaining to cataract surgery, with commentary and perspective.

Results: By this time, cataract surgery has advanced to the point that Kelman's introduction of phacoemulsification and use of intraocular lenses (IOLs), both very controversial when initially introduced, have become state of the art. Outpatient surgery, minimally limited mobility, sutureless incisions, and topical anesthesia also have become key components of standard treatment. The author envisions availability of medications for nuclear sclerosis and presbyopia, expansion of lens surgery for refractive purposes with postsurgical adjustment and unprecedented precision, increased mechanization of lens removal with emphasis on uncomplicated surgery rather than refractive precision, and accommodating IOLs all becoming standard.

Conclusions: Acknowledging and appreciating the past contributions of pioneers in cataract surgery is vital to understanding the development of today's clinical care. Clues as to the future do help give us a possible scenario worthy of such conjecture.