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Meta-Analysis
. 2017 Sep 25;12(9):e0185105.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185105. eCollection 2017.

Trends in prevalence of multi drug resistant tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Baba Maiyaki Musa  1   2 , Aishatu L Adamu  3   4 , Najibah A Galadanci  5   6 , Bashir Zubayr  7 , Chisom N Odoh  8 , Muktar H Aliyu  9   10
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Trends in prevalence of multi drug resistant tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Baba Maiyaki Musa et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Background: Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), is an emerging public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This study aims to determine the trends in prevalence of MDR-TB among new TB cases in sub-Saharan Africa over two decades.

Methods: We searched electronic data bases and accessed all prevalence studies of MDR-TB within SSA between 2007 and 2017. We determined pooled prevalence estimates using random effects models and determined trends using meta-regression.

Results: Results: We identified 915 studies satisfying inclusion criteria. Cumulatively, studies reported on MDR-TB culture of 34,652 persons. The pooled prevalence of MDR-TB in new cases was 2.1% (95% CI; 1.7-2.5%). There was a non-significant decline in prevalence by 0.12% per year.

Conclusion: We found a low prevalence estimate of MDR-TB, and a slight temporal decline over the study period. There is a need for continuous MDR-TB surveillance among patients with TB.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. PRISMA flow diagram showing study screening and selection procedure.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Forest plot showing pooled and individual weighted prevalence of included studies.
ES: effect size, CI: confidence interval.
Fig 3
Fig 3. Forest plot showing pooled MDR TB prevalence in new TB cases stratified by study design of included studies.
ES: effect size, CI: confidence interval.
Fig 4
Fig 4. Meta-regression plot showing sub-Saharan African (S SA) trend in MDR-TB prevalence in new cases over two decades.
P: MDR TB prevalence in new cases, circle size proportionate to size of studied population in each year.
Fig 5
Fig 5. Trim and filled funnel plot depicted study derived and data augmented prevalence of MDR-TB in new cases for SSA.
Theta: the effect (prevalence) estimate, SE: standard error; diamond shapes represent study derived prevalence; diamond within square represent data augmented prevalence.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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