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. 2018 Apr;14(2):e12523.
doi: 10.1111/mcn.12523. Epub 2017 Sep 26.

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in infant formula and cardiovascular markers in childhood

Linda P M Pluymen  1 , Geertje W Dalmeijer  1 , Henriëtte A Smit  1 , Cuno S P M Uiterwaal  1 , Cornelis K van der Ent  2 , Lenie van Rossem  1
Affiliations

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in infant formula and cardiovascular markers in childhood

Linda P M Pluymen et al. Matern Child Nutr. 2018 Apr.

Abstract

To investigate whether children who consumed infant formula supplemented with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) had a more favourable cardiovascular profile than children who consumed formula without these fatty acids, we used the Wheezing Illnesses Study Leidsche Rijn, a birth cohort that included 2,468 newborns between 2001 and 2014. Data on infant feeding were obtained by questionnaires. At age 5, blood pressure, carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), and carotid distension were measured. We used multivariable linear regression analysis to compare levels of cardiovascular markers in formula-fed children born before and after the LCPUFA supplementation. To account for secular trends, we compared levels of cardiovascular markers in a control group of breastfed children from the same cohort born before and after the supplementation. Formula-fed children born after the LCPUFA supplementation (n = 48) had no different systolic blood pressure (-2.58 mmHg, 95% confidence interval, CI [-5.5, 0.30]), diastolic blood pressure (-0.13 mmHg, 95% CI [-2.3, 2.1]), or carotid distension (24.8 MPa-1 , 95% CI [-47.1, 96.6]) and had a higher CIMT (18.6 μm, 95% CI [3.7, 33.5]) than formula-fed children born before the supplementation (n = 163). In the control group, children born after the LCPUFA supplementation (n = 98) had no different systolic- or diastolic-blood pressure, or CIMT, and a higher carotid distension than children born before the supplementation (n = 142). In conclusion, children who consumed infant formula supplemented with LCPUFAs did not have a more favourable cardiovascular profile in early childhood than children who consumed formula without LCPUFAs.

Keywords: DHA; IMT; blood pressure; cardiovascular health; fatty acids; infant formula.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow chart of the study population. LCPUFA = long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acid
Figure 2
Figure 2
Number of children who received Nutricia or Friso formula with and without long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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