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. 2018 Jul;32(5):858-890.
doi: 10.1080/13854046.2017.1373860. Epub 2017 Sep 27.

A systematic review of prospective memory in HIV disease: from the laboratory to daily life

Gunes Avci  1 , David P Sheppard  1 , Savanna M Tierney  1 , Victoria M Kordovski  1 , Kelli L Sullivan  1 , Steven Paul Woods  1
Affiliations

A systematic review of prospective memory in HIV disease: from the laboratory to daily life

Gunes Avci et al. Clin Neuropsychol. 2018 Jul.

Abstract

Objective: Prospective memory (PM) is described as the capacity to form and maintain an intention that is executed in response to a specific cue. Neural injury and associated neurocognitive disorders are common among persons living with HIV disease, who might therefore be susceptible to impairment in PM.

Method: This literature review utilized a structured qualitative approach to summarize and evaluate our current understanding of PM functioning in people living with HIV disease. 33 studies of PM in HIV+ persons met criteria for inclusion.

Results: Findings showed that HIV is associated with moderate deficits in PM, which appear to be largely independent of commonly observed comorbid factors. The pattern of PM deficits reveals dysregulation of strategic processes that is consistent with the frontal systems pathology and associated executive dysfunction that characterizes HIV-associated neural injury. The literature also suggests that HIV-associated PM deficits present a strong risk of concurrent problems in a wide range of health behaviors (e.g. medication non-adherence) and activities of daily living (e.g. employment). Early attempts to improve PM in HIV disease have revealed that supporting strategic processes might be effective for some individuals.

Conclusions: HIV-associated PM deficits are common and exert a significant adverse effect on the daily lives and health of infected persons. Much work remains to be done to understand the cognitive architecture of HIV-associated PM deficits and the most efficient means to enhance PM functioning and improve health outcomes in persons living with HIV.

Keywords: AIDS; HIV; memory for intentions; prospective memory.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Box-and-whisker plot of effect sizes (Cohen’s d) for time-event based prospective memory (PM) in HIV+ versus HIV- samples. k = number of effect sizes, N = total sample size.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Effect size estimates (Cohen’s d) of the association between prospective memory (PM) and HIV disease characteristics and common comorbidities (N = 416). AIDS = Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome; EDI = Estimated Duration of Infection; CD4 = Cluster of Differentiation 4; ARV = Antiretroviral therapy; HCV = Hepatitis C Virus.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Relationship between age and strategically demanding time-based prospective memory (PM) in HIV+ (n = 427) and HIV- (n = 203) adults.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Box-and-whisker plot of effect sizes (Cohen’s d) for the associations between everyday functioning outcomes and neurocognitive domains of time-based PM, event-based PM, retrospective memory, and executive functions. k = number of effect sizes, N = total sample size, PM = prospective memory.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Effect size estimates (Cohen’s d) and moderators of approaches to improve prospective memory (PM) across 6 samples of HIV+ adults. Note: HAND = HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders; SUD = Substance Use Disorders; TB = time-based; EB = event-based; RM = retrospective memory
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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