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. 2017 Sep 28;18(10):2041.
doi: 10.3390/ijms18102041.

Poly(Lactic Acid) Blends with Poly(Trimethylene Carbonate) as Biodegradable Medical Adhesive Material

Shuang Zhang  1 , Hongli Li  2 , Mingwei Yuan  3 , Minglong Yuan  4 , Haiyun Chen  5
Affiliations

Poly(Lactic Acid) Blends with Poly(Trimethylene Carbonate) as Biodegradable Medical Adhesive Material

Shuang Zhang et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

A novel medical adhesive was prepared by blending poly(lactic acid) (PLA) with poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) in ethyl acetate, and the two materials were proven to be biodegradable and biocompatible. The medical adhesive was characterized by ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (¹HNMR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of this material was measured to be 7.13 g·cm-2·24 h-1. Its degree of comfortability was confirmed by the extensibility (E) and the permanent set (PS), which were approximately 7.83 N·cm-2 and 18.83%, respectively. In vivo tests regarding rabbit immunoglobulin M (IgM), rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG), rabbit bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP), rabbit interleukin 6 (IL-6), rabbit interleukin 10 (IL-10), rabbit tumor necrosis factor α(TNFα), glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (AST/GOT), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (ALT/GPT), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) indicated that the PLA-PTMC medical adhesive was not harmful to the liver and kidneys. Finally, pathological sections indicated that PLA-PTMC was more effective than the control group. These data suggest that in addition to having a positive effect on hemostasis and no sensibility to wounds, PLA-PTMC can efficiently prevent infections and has great potential as a medical adhesive.

Keywords: Poly(Lactic Acid)-Poly(Trimethylene Carbonate); avoid infection; hemostasis; medical adhesive.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1HNMR) spectra of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC) and their blends.
Figure 2
Figure 2
SEM micrographs of medical adhesive with different ratios of PLA-PTMC. (A) PLA; (B) PLA:PTMC = 9:1; (C) PLA:PTMC = 8:2; (D) PLA:PTMC = 7:3. Scale bar: 20 µm.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) of different ratios of PLA-PTMC.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Water vapor transmission rate determined using the cup method.
Figure 5
Figure 5
The comfortability of the blends was assigned through extensibility (a) and permanent set (b).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Cytotoxicity of the medical adhesive determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Weight and temperature changes of the rabbits during the experiments. (a) Presents the change of weight during the experiment; (b) shows the rectal temperature of the rabbits. “*” present there exists statistic difference.
Figure 8
Figure 8
The records of the wound during different periods after being covered by PLA-PTMC and the positive group medical adhesive. (a–c) represent the state of the wound covered by PLA-PTMC medical adhesive after 1, 20 and 31 days, and (d–f) show the situation of the positive group at the same time, respectively.
Figure 9
Figure 9
The wound healing rate of the PLA-PTMC group and the positive control group.
Figure 10
Figure 10
The AKP (alkaline phosphatase) activity (a) and the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) content (b) of PLA-PTMC and the positive group. Values are the means ± S.E.M. (n = 5). * p < 0.05 compared with the control group; * p < 0.01 compared with the control group; * p > 0.05 was considered not to be statistically different. These indicators were detected using different kits that were obtained from the Nanjing Jiancheng biological technology limited company (Nanjing, China).
Figure 11
Figure 11
The results of ELISA testing. (a) is the difference of rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG), and (b) is the statistical difference of rabbit interleukin 10 (IL-10). Values are the means ± S.E.M. (n = 5). * p < 0.05 compared with the control group; * p > 0.05 was considered not to be statistically different. These indicators were detected using kits that were obtained from CUSABIO (CUSABIO, Wuhan, China).
Figure 12
Figure 12
The microscopic state of the recovered wound tissue. (a) Skin pathological section from the PLA-PTMC group; (b) skin pathological section from the positive group.
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