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. 2017 Sep-Oct;62(5):486-490.
doi: 10.4103/ijd.IJD_381_17.

Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease in West Bengal, India: A Preliminary Report on Clinicovirological Trend over 3 Successive Years (2013-2015)

Nilendu Sarma  1 , Sayantani Chakraborty  2 , Abira Dutta  3 , Provash Chandra Sadhukhan  3
Affiliations

Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease in West Bengal, India: A Preliminary Report on Clinicovirological Trend over 3 Successive Years (2013-2015)

Nilendu Sarma et al. Indian J Dermatol. 2017 Sep-Oct.

Abstract

Introduction: Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), an enteroviral disease has emerged as a major emerging infection in India. This is caused most commonly by enterovirus 71 (EV71) and coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16) but can also be due to CVA4-10, CVA24, CVB2-5, and echovirus 18 (Echo18). Virological analysis of the cases of HFMD has been infrequently done in India. West Bengal is one of the worst affected states in India.

Objective: To document the clinical and etiological aspect, the changing patterns and clinic-virological correlation. Method: a total of 62 samples of throat swab were collected from affected children over 3 successive years in Kolkata, West Bengal, India.

Result: Five cases had a previous history of HFMD during the last 1-5 years. Fever was usually of mild degree (highest 102°C). There was no apparent correlation between fever of >100°C and a positive test. There was no correlation of viral strain and clinical severity. A test positive for the Viral RNA was noted among 64.51% (40/62) cases. Multiple strains were characteristically present in each year. CVA6, EV71 were found in 2013, CVA6, EV71 in 2014, and CVA6, CVA16 in 2015.

Conclusion: Presence of multiple strains explained the frequent occurrence of relapses. We expect this small study will serve as an important document for all future studies on HFMD.

Keywords: Coxsackievirus; West Bengal; and mouth disease; enterovirus 71; epidemiological trend; foot; hand.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest. What is new? Multiple strains of HFMD virus are presently circulating in West Bengal. There is no apparent correlation between viral strains and clinical severity but frequent relapse might be due to the circulation of multiple strains.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Erythematous papulovesicular eruptions on the palms in a child with hand, foot, and mouth disease
Figure 2
Figure 2
Extensive papulovesicular eruptions of hand, foot, and mouth disease on the buttocks
Figure 3
Figure 3
Wide spread vesicular eruptions of hand, foot, and mouth disease involving back, neck, and proximal arm
Figure 4
Figure 4
(a and b) Gel electrophoresis showing real time-polymerase chain reaction amplified product of enterovirus genome. Positive cases had band at 400 bp in the gel
Figure 5
Figure 5
Gel electrophoresis of nested real time-polymerase chain reaction amplified product of 458 bp of VP1/2A region of hand, foot, and mouth disease positive samples
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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