Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2017 Sep 25;3(3):2055217317714279.
doi: 10.1177/2055217317714279. eCollection 2017 Jul-Sep.

Differential diagnosis of multiple sclerosis in Latin America

Y D Fragoso  1 , F G Elso  2 , A Carrá  3
Affiliations
Review

Differential diagnosis of multiple sclerosis in Latin America

Y D Fragoso et al. Mult Scler J Exp Transl Clin. .

Abstract

Improvement of multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnoses leads to earlier and correct disease management. The differential diagnostic workup for MS comprises a large variety of medical conditions. There are general guidelines and criteria for diagnosing MS worldwide, but awareness of regional differences needs to be kept in mind. Latin American patients who are screened for MS diagnoses may require an approach that is not exactly the same as that used for patients in North America, western Europe or Asia. In the present review, the conditions that are important for the differential diagnoses of MS in Latin America are reviewed. They include infections, metabolic diseases, nutritional deficits and other autoimmune conditions that physicians in charge of these patients need to be familiar with.

Keywords: Latin America; Multiple sclerosis; central nervous system; diagnoses; epidemiology.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Solomon AJ, Weinshenker BG. Misdiagnosis of multiple sclerosis: Frequency, causes, effects, and prevention. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2013; 13: 403. - PubMed
    1. Polman CH, Reingold SC, Banwell B, et al. Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2010 revisions to the McDonald criteria. Ann Neurol 2011; 69: 292–302. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Brownlee WJ, Hardy TA, Fazekas F, et al. Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: Progress and challenges. Lancet 2016. pii: S0140–6736(16)30959-X. - PubMed
    1. Karussis D. The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis and the various related demyelinating syndromes: A critical review. J Autoimmun 2014; 48: 134–142. - PubMed
    1. Schiess N, Calabresi PA. Multiple sclerosis. Semin Neurol 2016; 36: 350–356. - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources