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. 2017 Oct 6;48(1):61.
doi: 10.1186/s13567-017-0469-7.

Cross protective immune responses in nursing piglets infected with a US spike-insertion deletion porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strain and challenged with an original US PEDV strain

Thavamathi Annamalai  1 , Chun-Ming Lin  1 , Xiang Gao  1 , Xinsheng Liu  1 , Zhongyan Lu  1 , Linda J Saif  2 , Qiuhong Wang  3
Affiliations

Cross protective immune responses in nursing piglets infected with a US spike-insertion deletion porcine epidemic diarrhea virus strain and challenged with an original US PEDV strain

Thavamathi Annamalai et al. Vet Res. .

Abstract

We investigated cross-protective immunity of a US spike-insertion deletion porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) Iowa106 (S-INDEL) strain against the original US PEDV (PC21A) strain in nursing piglets. Piglets were inoculated orally with S-INDEL, PC21A or mock. At 20-29 days post-inoculation (dpi), all pigs were challenged with the PC21A strain. The S-INDEL-inoculated pigs had lower ileal IgA antibody secreting cells, serum IgA and neutralizing antibody titers compared with PC21A-inoculated pigs. No pigs in the PC21A-group developed diarrhea, whereas 81 and 100% of pigs in the S-INDEL and mock-groups had diarrhea post challenge, respectively. S-INDEL induced partial protective immunity against the original US PEDV strain.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic diagram of the experimental design and serum PEDV specific antibody responses of piglets. A Age of piglets (days), virus inoculation and challenge with original US PEDV strain were shown. Piglets were inoculated with the respective virus inoculum at 3–4 days of age and the remaining piglets were challenged with US PEDV strain PC21A at 20–29 days post-inoculation (dpi). B Piglet serum virus neutralization antibody titers were quantified by plaque reduction virus neutralization assay. C Piglet serum virus-specific-IgA antibody responses were measured by ELISA. Different alphabetical letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) at the same time point among groups, whereas the same letters indicate no significant difference. Dpi: day post-inoculation, dpc: day post-challenge.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Isotype-specific antibody-secreting cell (ASC) responses to PEDV in ileum of pigs at 2–3 weeks post-inoculation (pre-challenge) (A), and at 7–10 days post challenge (dpc) (B).
Figure 3
Figure 3
PEDV specific antibody responses of sows in serum and milk whey. Sow serum (A) and milk whey (B) virus neutralization antibody titers were quantified by plaque reduction virus neutralization assay. Sow serum (C) and milk whey (D) PEDV specific IgA antibody responses were quantified by ELISA.
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