Prevalence of influenza vaccine hesitancy at a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Background: Influenza vaccine hesitancy is a major problem worldwide, with significant public health consequences. We aimed to determine the prevalence of influenza vaccine hesitancy and the effect of vaccine awareness campaigns on vaccine acceptance among three groups (parents, adult patients, and healthcare workers [HCWs]) at King Abdulaziz Medical City, a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Methods: The study was conducted during the 2015-2016 winter season. Participants anonymously completed a validated questionnaire on influenza vaccine hesitancy.

Results: Of the 300 study participants, 17% (n=51) expressed vaccine hesitancy. The most common reasons given for vaccine refusal were: "It doesn't have any positive effect or benefit" (n=11 [21%]), "I don't need it because I'm healthy" (n=9 [17%]), and "I think it causes serious side effects" (n=7 [13%]). The most common sources of information about the vaccine were awareness campaigns (98/267 [36%]) and medical staff (98/267 [36%]). One hundred and sixty-three [54%] respondents knew that the effect of the influenza vaccine lasts up to 1year. There was no significant relationship between education level and receiving influenza vaccination. The study showed that confidence towards the Saudi Ministry of Health and medical doctors among three groups of participants was very high; 97% of adults, 95% of parents, and 93% of HCWs expressed trusted information provided to them by the Ministry of Health, and 97% of adults, 99% of parents, and 90% of HCWs trusted their physicians' information.

Conclusion: Influenza vaccine hesitancy was low at KAMC. The most common reason for vaccine refusal was believing that it had no positive effect and that it is unnecessary. The most common sources of information for influenza vaccine were awareness campaigns and medical staff. Participants had high levels of trust in both the Saudi Ministry of Health and doctors.

Keywords: Influenza; Prevalence; Saudi; Trust; Vaccination; Vaccine hesitancy.