Long-term impairment attributable to congenital cytomegalovirus infection: a retrospective cohort study
- PMID: 28990181
- DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.13556
Long-term impairment attributable to congenital cytomegalovirus infection: a retrospective cohort study
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to estimate long-term impairment attributable to congenital cytomegalovirus infection (cCMV).
Method: This nationwide cohort study retrospectively assessed cCMV in children born in 2008 in the Netherlands, testing 31 484 stored neonatal dried blood spots. Extensive medical data of cCMV-positive children (n=133) and matched cCMV-negative comparison children (n=274) up to 6 years of age were analysed.
Results: Moderate to severe long-term impairment was diagnosed in 24.8% (33 out of 133) of all cCMV-positive children (53.8% in symptomatic, 17.8% in asymptomatic), compared with 12.0% (33 out of 274) of cCMV-negative children. Sensorineural hearing loss was seen only in five cCMV-positive children (3.8%). Developmental delays were diagnosed more often in cCMV-positive children than cCMV-negative children: motor (12.0% vs 1.5%), cognitive (6.0% vs 1.1%), and speech-language (16.5% vs 7.3%). Long-term impairment in multiple domains was more frequent in symptomatic (19.2%) and asymptomatic (8.4%) cCMV-positive children than cCMV-negative children (1.8%).
Interpretation: Children with cCMV were twice as likely to have long-term impairment up to the age of 6 years, especially developmental delays and sensorineural hearing loss, than cCMV-negative comparison children, with a risk difference of 12.8%. These insights into the risk of cCMV-associated impairment can help optimize care and stimulate preventive measures.
What this paper adds: Congenital cytomegalovirus infection (cCMV) leads to impairment in 25% of cases. Fifty per cent of children with cCMV symptoms at birth have long-term impairment. The risk difference of moderate to severe long-term impairment between children with and without cCMV is 13%, attributable to cCMV. cCMV leads to motor, cognitive, and speech-language developmental delay in children.
© 2017 Mac Keith Press.
Comment in
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Neurocognitive problems in children with congenital cytomegalovirus infection.Dev Med Child Neurol. 2017 Dec;59(12):1212-1213. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.13582. Epub 2017 Oct 12. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2017. PMID: 29023676 No abstract available.
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