Apixaban for the treatment of cerebral venous thrombosis: A case series

Abstract

Background: Venous thrombosis affecting cerebral veins and sinuses (CVT) is an uncommon neurological condition. Traditionally patients are treated with intravenous heparin followed by an oral vitamin K antagonist like warfarin. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) may offer advantages over warfarin. There is evidence to demonstrate the effectiveness of both dabigatran and rivaroxaban. No data, however, has been published describing the use of apixaban in patients with CVT.

Methods: Report of three cases of CVT and review literature on available treatment options; efficacy and safety of novel oral anticoagulants in patients with systemic thrombosis.

Results: All patients presented with typical features of CVT. After confirming the diagnosis, they were acutely treated with heparin and later discharged on apixaban. During follow up visits, they tolerated apixaban well and did not have any bleeding complications. Follow up scans showed resolution of the thrombus and recanalization.

Conclusion: CVT is an uncommon neurological condition and is often complicated by associated intraparenchymal hemorrhage. Although not recommended in current guidelines, apixaban may be a safe and effective option for the treatment of CVT.

Keywords: Anticoagulation; Apixaban; Cerebral venous thrombosis; Direct oral anticoagulants.