The treatment of perilunate ligament injuries in multiply injured patients

Abstract

Purpose: Perilunate injuries are rare, severe injuries of the carpus. They can present as isolated injuries or in the poly-traumatised patient. This is the first documented series of these injuries treated in a Major Trauma Centre. The aims were to assess the management, treatment algorithm and outcomes, of perilunate injuries in our department, review whether concomitant polytrauma affected those outcomes and identify if delay to definitive treatment had a significant effect on overall outcome.

Methods: Perilunate injuries admitted to the Royal London Hospital between Oct 2011 and March 2016 were identified. All definitive surgical procedures were performed by the senior author; hand therapists supervised patient rehabilitation. Outcomes were assessed by Mayo Wrist and QuickDASH scores.

Results: We identified 23 perilunate injuries (22 patients). There was an associated nerve injury in 10 cases with other system injuries present in 12 cases. At final review, the mean carpal height ratio was 0.56, Mayo Wrist score was 81 and QuickDASH score was 16.4. There were no differences when comparing the outcomes of patients who had early against those with more delayed definite treatment or when comparing patients with isolated wrist injuries against polytrauma patients.

Conclusion: Satisfactory outcomes can be achieved, even in the presence of other injuries, if initial treatment is prompt and follows a clear management protocol. Prompt early reduction and neurological decompression followed by subsequent accurate definitive fixation leads to good outcomes. A delay of definitive fixation of up to 18 days does not appear to have a deleterious effect on outcome.

Keywords: Injury; Perilunate; Polytrauma; Treatment.