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. 2017 Oct 11;12(10):e0186177.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186177. eCollection 2017.

Morphometry of the coronary ostia and the structure of coronary arteries in the shorthair domestic cat

Karolina Barszcz  1 , Marta Kupczyńska  1 , Michał Polguj  2 , Joanna Klećkowska-Nawrot  3 , Maciej Janeczek  3 , Karolina Goździewska-Harłajczuk  3 , Małgorzata Dzierzęcka  1 , Paweł Janczyk  4
Affiliations

Morphometry of the coronary ostia and the structure of coronary arteries in the shorthair domestic cat

Karolina Barszcz et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

The aim of this study was to measure the area of the coronary ostia, assess their localization in the coronary sinuses and to determine the morphology of the stem of the left and right coronary arteries in the domestic shorthair cat. The study was conducted on 100 hearts of domestic shorthair cats of both sexes, aged 2-18 years, with an average body weight of 4.05 kg. A morphometric analysis of the coronary ostia was carried out on 52 hearts. The remaining 48 hearts were injected with a casting material in order to carry out a morphological assessment of the left and right coronary arteries. In all the studied animals, the surface of the left coronary artery ostium was larger than the surface of the right coronary artery ostium. There were four types of the left main coronary artery: type I (23 animals, 49%)-double-branched left main stem (giving off the left circumflex branch and the interventricular paraconal branch, which in turn gave off the septal branch), type II (12 animals, 26%)-double-branched left main stem (giving off the left circumflex branch and the interventricular paraconal branch without the septal branch), type III (11 animals, 23%)-triple-branched left main stem (giving off the left circumflex branch, interventricular branch and the septal branch, type IV (1 animal, 2%)-double-branched left main stem (giving off the interventricular paraconal branch and the left circumflex branch, which in turn gave off the septal branch). The left coronary artery ostium is greater than the right one. There is considerable diversity in the branches of proximal segment of the left coronary artery, while the right coronary artery is more conservative. These results can be useful in defining the optimal strategies in the endovascular procedures involving the coronary arteries or the aortic valve in the domestic shorthair cat.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Overview of the aortic valve and ascending aorta.
1 –ascending aorta, 2 –right coronary artery, 3 –left coronary artery.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Overview of the aortic valve.
1 –left semilunar leaflet, 2 –right semilunar leaflet, 3 –non-coronary semilunar leaflet, 4 –left coronary ostium, 5 –right coronary ostium.
Fig 3
Fig 3. Type I–double-branched left main stem giving off the left circumflex branch and the interventricular paraconal branch, which gave off the septal branch.
1 –ascending aorta, 2 –left coronary artery (main stem), 3 –interventricular paraconal branch, 4 –left circumflex branch, 5 –septal branch.
Fig 4
Fig 4. Type II–double-branched left main stem giving off the left circumflex branch and the interventricular paraconal branch without the septal branch.
1 –ascending aorta, 2 –left coronary artery (main stem), 3 –interventricular paraconal branch, 4 –left circumflex branch.
Fig 5
Fig 5. Type III–triple-branched left main stem giving off the left circumflex branch, interventricular branch and the septal branch.
1 –ascending aorta, 2 –left coronary artery (main stem), 3 –interventricular paraconal branch, 4 –left circumflex branch, 5 –septal branch.
Fig 6
Fig 6. Type IV–double-branched left main stem giving off the interventricular paraconal branch and the left circumflex branch, which gave off the septal branch.
1 –ascending aorta, 2 –left coronary artery (main stem), 3 –interventricular paraconal branch, 4 –left circumflex branch, 5 –septal branch, 6 –great cardiac vein (interventricular paraconal branch), 7 –great cardiac vein (circumflex branch).
Fig 7
Fig 7. Two separate ostia for the interventricular paraconal branch and the left circumflex branch.
1 –left semilunar leaflet, 2 –interventricular paraconal branch, 3 –left circumflex branch.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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