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Review
. 2018 Jan;34(1):21-27.
doi: 10.1007/s00383-017-4196-y. Epub 2017 Oct 13.

Pyloric stenosis: an enigma more than a century after the first successful treatment

Yousef El-Gohary  1 , Abdelhafeez Abdelhafeez  1 , Elizabeth Paton  2 , Ankush Gosain  1   2 , Andrew J Murphy  3   4
Affiliations
Review

Pyloric stenosis: an enigma more than a century after the first successful treatment

Yousef El-Gohary et al. Pediatr Surg Int. 2018 Jan.

Abstract

Despite hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) being one of the most frequently treated pediatric surgical conditions, its etiology remains incompletely understood. We review the diagnosis and treatment of this condition with an emphasis on the evolution of surgical techniques that led to laparoscopic pyloromyotomy, the most frequently performed technique for HPS today. In addition, we review key developments in the understanding of HPS etiology and treatment, including the postulated etiology of work-induced hypertrophy of the pylorus, its association with prokinetic macrolide antibiotics, and the emerging role of atropine sulfate as a medical treatment for HPS or a rescue treatment for incomplete myotomy.

Keywords: Laparoscopic pyloromyotomy; Macrolide; Pyloric stenosis; Pyloromyotomy.

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