Association of Glomerular Filtration Rate With Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Iranian Adolescents: CASPIAN III Study

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to assess the association of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) with cardiometabolic risk factors in Iranian adolescents.

Materials and methods: Data of the 3rd round of a school-based surveillance system entitled "Childhood and Adolescence Surveillance and PreventIon of Adult Non-communicable Disease (CASPIAN III)" study was used for this study. A sample of 367 adolescents aged between 10 and 18 years was randomly selected. Glomerular filtration rate was estimated using the original and the updated Schwartz equations. The association of GFR with anthropometric data, blood pressure, lipid profile, and blood glucose was assessed in boys and girls by age group.

Results: Of the participants, 50.4% were boys and 26.2% were from rural regions. In the age group of 14 to 18 years, the ratio of low- to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly lower in the girls than the boys (P < .001), and the girls had significantly higher triglyceride and FBG levels. Significant correlations were found between GFR and waist circumference (r = 0.150 and P = .009 with the original Schwartz; r = 0.190 and P < .001 with the updated Schwartz) and body mass index (r = 0.115 and P = .03 with the original Schwartz; r = 0.121 and P = .02 with the updated Schwartz). Conclusions. The above findings showed that obese and overweight Iranian adolescents were more likely to have lower kidney function. Strategies to decline impaired kidney function may include prevention of obesity and central obesity in this population.