Family profiles in eating disorders: family functioning and psychopathology

Abstract

Research has studied family functioning in families of patients suffering from eating disorders (EDs), particularly investigating the associations between mothers' and daughters' psychopathological symptoms, but limited studies have examined whether there are specific maladaptive psychological profiles characterizing the family as a whole when it includes adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge eating disorder (BED). Through the collaboration of a network of public and private consultants, we recruited n=181 adolescents diagnosed for EDs (n=61 with AN, n=60 with BN, and n=60 with BEDs) and their parents. Mothers, fathers, and youths were assessed through a self-report measure evaluating family functioning, and adolescents completed a self-report questionnaire assessing psycho-pathological symptoms. Results showed specific family functioning and psychopathological profiles based on adolescents' diagnosis. Regression analyses also showed that family functioning characterized by rigidity predicted higher psychopathological symptoms. Our study underlines the importance of involving all members of the family in assessment and intervention programs when adolescent offspring suffer from EDs.

Keywords: adolescents; eating disorders; family functioning; psychopathological risk.

Figure 1

Family profiles of families with adolescents affected by AN (Group A), BN (Group B), and BED (Group C). Abbreviations: AN, anorexia nervosa; BN, bulimia nervosa; BED, binge eating disorder; FACES, Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale.