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. 2018 Jan;144(1):63-73.
doi: 10.1007/s00432-017-2531-2. Epub 2017 Oct 17.

Differences in the prognosis of HPV16-positive patients with squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck according to viral load and expression of P16

Beata Biesaga  1 , Anna Mucha-Małecka  2 , Anna Janecka-Widła  3 , Marta Kołodziej-Rzepa  4 , Sława Szostek  5 , Dorota Słonina  3 , Aleksandra Kowalczyk  3 , Krzysztof Halaszka  6 , Marcin Przewoźnik  6
Affiliations

Differences in the prognosis of HPV16-positive patients with squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck according to viral load and expression of P16

Beata Biesaga et al. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2018 Jan.

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of HPV16 load (VL-the number of virus genome copies per cell) and P16 expression on prognosis of patients with squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) of head and neck (HN).

Materials and methods: HPV16 presence was assessed in the group of 109 patients with HNSCCs by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). VL (assessed by qPCR) and P16 expression (evaluated by immunohistochemistry) were analysed only in the subgroup of HPV16-positive tumours. These features were correlated with 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).

Results: HPV16 infection was found in 36 tumours (33.0%). Virus-positive patients had better OS and DFS than those without infection (P = 0.041 and 0.005). Among HPV16-positive HNSCCs, 18 (50.0%) had higher VL (median value > 6764.3 copies/cell) and 25 (73.5%) P16 over expression. The significant differences in OS and DFS (P = 0.008 and 0.004) were noticed according to VL, wherein 100% DFS was found for patients with higher VL. According to P16 expression, significant difference was found only for OS (P = 0.020). In multivariate analysis, VL (P = 0.045; HR = 2.795; CI 0.121-1.060) and the level of smoking (P = 0.023, HR = 2.253; CI 1.124-4.514) were independent factors affecting DFS of HPV16-positive patients.

Conclusion: On the basis of viral load, it is possible to differentiate prognosis of patients with HPV16-positive HNSCCs. In this subgroup, viral load has stronger prognostic potential than P16 expression.

Keywords: HNSCCs; HPV16; P16 expression; Prognosis; Viral load.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Immunohistochemical staining of P16 using CINtec® Histology Kit (Roche, Heidelberg, Germany) in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples of head and neck cancers. a Tumour with P16 overexpression defined by Lewis et al. (2012) as follows: > 75% of positive staining cells or > 50% staining with > 25% confluent positive staining areas. b Tumour with lack of P16 overexpression
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Correlations between HPV16 load (VL—the number of HPV16 copies per single cell) and overall survival (a) and disease-free survival (b) and between P16 expression and overall survival (c) and disease-free survival (d) in the subgroup of 36 patients with head and neck cancers with HPV16 positivity. Numbers in parentheses indicate the number of alive/dead patients or those with tumour regression/progression
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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