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. 2017 Jul-Sep;64(3):243-249.
doi: 10.29262/ram.v64i3.221.

[Prevalence of allergic rhinitis and its symptoms in the school children population of Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico]

[Article in Spanish]
Eleazar Mancilla-Hernández  1 , Evaristo Víctor Manuel González-Solórzano, Miguel Alejandro Medina-Ávalos, Raúl Humberto Barnica-Alvarado
Affiliations

[Prevalence of allergic rhinitis and its symptoms in the school children population of Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico]

[Article in Spanish]
Eleazar Mancilla-Hernández et al. Rev Alerg Mex. 2017 Jul-Sep.

Abstract
in English, Spanish

Background: Studies on allergic rhinitis prevalence have found significant variations in their results, even in closely-living populations.

Objective: To determine and compare the prevalence of allergic rhinitis and its symptoms in schoolchildren from Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.

Methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive study on the prevalence of allergic rhinitis diagnosis and symptoms, where the "Diagnostic questionnaire for epidemiological studies" was used between June and December 2015 in pre-school and primary and secondary school population, after authorization was granted by parents and school authorities.

Results: In 7866 surveys in a population aged between 3 and 15 years, 939 cases of allergic rhinitis (11.94%) were identified, with 53% belonging to the female gender. The symptom with the highest prevalence was cold-induced nasal congestion (56.8%), followed by rhinitis accompanied by ocular symptoms (35.8%) and recurrent flu-like symptoms (20), which was the most common symptom in allergic rhinitis (100%).

Conclusion: A significant variation was observed in the prevalence of symptoms, notably higher than that of questionnaire-obtained allergic rhinitis diagnosis (11.94%), which suggests that the independent prevalence of symptoms is not a good parameter to detect the prevalence of allergic rhinitis.

Antecedentes: En los estudios de prevalencia de rinitis alérgica se han encontrado amplias variaciones en sus resultados, incluso en poblaciones cercanas. Objetivo: Determinar y comparar la prevalencia de la rinitis alérgica y sus síntomas en escolares de Cuernavaca, Morelos, México. Métodos: Estudio transversal descriptivo de la prevalencia del diagnóstico de rinitis alérgica y de sus síntomas, en el que se empleó el “Cuestionario diagnóstico para estudios epidemiológicos”, entre junio y diciembre de 2015, en población preescolar, escolar primaria y secundaria, previa autorización de padres y autoridades escolares. Resultados: En 7866 encuestas en población de 3 a 15 años de edad se identificaron 939 casos de rinitis alérgica (11.94 %), 53 % del sexo femenino. El síntoma con mayor prevalencia correspondió a constipación por frío (56.8 %), seguido por rinitis acompañada de síntomas oculares (35.8 %), cuadros catarrales recurrentes (20 %); el síntoma más frecuente fue la rinitis alérgica (100 %). Conclusiones: Se apreció amplia variación en la prevalencia de los síntomas, notablemente más alta que la del diagnóstico de rinitis alérgica obtenida por el cuestionario (11.94 %), lo que sugiere que la prevalencia independiente de los síntomas no es buen parámetro para detectar la prevalencia de la rinitis alérgica.

Keywords: Allergic rinitis; Prevalence; Symptoms.

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