Variable life adjusted display methodology for continuous performance monitoring of carotid endarterectomy

Abstract

Introduction The aim of this study was to use variable life-adjusted display (VLAD) methodology to monitor performance of six vascular surgeons undertaking carotid endarterectomy in a single institution. Materials and methods This was a prospective study with continuous analysis. A risk score model to predict 30-day stroke or death for individual patients was developed from data collected from 839 patients from 1992 to 1999. The model was used to monitor performance of six surgeons from 2000 to 2009. Individual risk factors and 30-day outcomes were analysed and VLAD plots were created for the whole unit and for each surgeon. Results Among the 941 carotid endarterectomies in the performance analysis, 28 adverse events were recorded, giving an overall stroke or death rate of 3.06%. The risk model predicted there would be 33 adverse events. There was no statistical difference between the predicted and the observed adverse events (P > 0.2, χ2 value 1.25, 4 degrees of freedom). The VLAD plot for the whole unit shows an overall net gain in operative performance, although this could have been chance variation. The individual VLAD plot showed that surgeons 1, 2, 3 and 6 to have an overall net gain in the number of successful operations. The changes observed between the surgeons was not significant (P > 0.05) suggesting chance variation only. Conclusions Performance of carotid endarterectomy can be continuously assessed using VLAD methodology for units and individual surgeons. Early identification and correction of performance variation could facilitate improved quality of care.

Keywords: Audit; Carotid endarterectomy; Outcome; Performance; Risk.

Figure 1

Variable life-adjusted display for the unit.

Figure 2

Variable life-adjusted display for six individual surgeons (Cons).