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Zika virus RNA is frequently detected in the semen of men after Zika virus infection. To learn more about persistence of viruses in genital fluids, we searched PubMed for relevant articles. We found evidence that 27 viruses, across a broad range of virus families, can be found in human semen.
Keywords:
Ebola; Zika; epidemic; semen; sexual transmission; sperm; spermatozoa; viruses.
Atkinson B, Thorburn F, Petridou C, Bailey D, Hewson R, Simpson AJH, et al. Presence and persistence of Zika virus RNA in semen, United Kingdom, 2016. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017;23:611–5. 10.3201/eid2304.161692
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Moreira J, Peixoto TM, Siqueira AM, Lamas CC. Sexually acquired Zika virus: a systematic review. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2017;23:296–305. 10.1016/j.cmi.2016.12.027
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Brainard J, Pond K, Hooper L, Edmunds K, Hunter P. Presence and persistence of Ebola or Marburg virus in patients and survivors: a rapid systematic review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2016;10:e0004475–17. 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004475
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Li N, Wang T, Han D. Structural, cellular and molecular aspects of immune privilege in the testis. Front Immunol. 2012;3:152. 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00152
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Hirsch AJ, Smith JL, Haese NN, Broeckel RM, Parkins CJ, Kreklywich C, et al. Zika Virus infection of rhesus macaques leads to viral persistence in multiple tissues. PLoS Pathog. 2017;13:e1006219–23. 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006219
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