Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2017 Oct 19;14(10):1253.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph14101253.

Correlation Analysis of PM10 and the Incidence of Lung Cancer in Nanchang, China

Yi Zhou  1 , Lianshui Li  2 , Lei Hu  3
Affiliations

Correlation Analysis of PM10 and the Incidence of Lung Cancer in Nanchang, China

Yi Zhou et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

Air pollution and lung cancer are closely related. In 2013, the World Health Organization listed outdoor air pollution as carcinogenic and regarded it as the most widespread carcinogen that humans are currently exposed to. Here, grey correlation and data envelopment analysis methods are used to determine the pollution factors causing lung cancer among residents in Nanchang, China, and identify population segments which are more susceptible to air pollution. This study shows that particulate matter with particle sizes below 10 micron (PM10) is most closely related to the incidence of lung cancer among air pollution factors including annual mean concentrations of SO₂, NO₂, PM10, annual haze days, and annual mean Air Pollution Index/Air Quality Index (API/AQI). Air pollution has a greater impact on urban inhabitants as compared to rural inhabitants. When gender differences are considered, women are more likely to develop lung cancer due to air pollution. Smokers are more likely to suffer from lung cancer. These results provide a reference for the government to formulate policies to reduce air pollutant emissions and strengthen anti-smoking measures.

Keywords: PM10; air pollution; data envelopment analysis; grey correlation; lung cancer.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Line graph showing grey correlation for accumulated air pollution factors and accumulated incidence lung cancer for different time lags.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Line graph for Effectiveness of DEA in different time lags between PM10 and incidence of lung cancer, and between all factors and incidence of lung cancer: (a) without time lag, (b) lag 1 year, (c) lag 2 years, (d) lag 4 years, (e) lag 5 years.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Line graph for Effectiveness of DEA in different time lags between PM10 and incidence of lung cancer, and between all factors and incidence of lung cancer: (a) without time lag, (b) lag 1 year, (c) lag 2 years, (d) lag 4 years, (e) lag 5 years.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Loomis D., Grosse Y., Lauby-Secretan B., El Ghissassi F., Bouvard V., Benbrahim-Tallaa L., Guha N., Baan R., Mattock H., Straif K. IARC evaluation of the carcinogenicity of outdoor air pollution. Environ. Risques Santé. 2014;13:347–352.
    1. Akhtar N., Bansal J.G. Risk factors of lung cancer in nonsmoker. Curr. Probl. Cancer. 2017;41:328–339. doi: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2017.07.002. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Sram R., Beskid O.A., Rossner P., Lnenickova Z., Milcova A., Solansky I., Binkova B. Environmental exposure to carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons—The interpretation of cytogenetic analysis by fish. Toxicol. Lett. 2007;172:12–20. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2007.05.019. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Chen G., Xia W., Yang G., Zou X. Traffic-related air pollution and lung cancer: A meta-analysis. Thorac. Cancer. 2015;6:307–318. doi: 10.1111/1759-7714.12185. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Zhao P., Dai M., Chen W., Li N. Cancer trends in China. Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 2010;40:281–285. doi: 10.1093/jjco/hyp187. - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources