[HBV infection: Screening and treatment for oncology patients]

Abstract

Patients with chronic hepatitis B infection are at risk of viral reactivation when treated by immuno- or chemotherapy, with potentially serious or even fatal consequences. This article proposes an overview on screening strategies and antiviral treatment recommendations for oncology patients. We have learned in hematology that reactivations are commun with rituximab and prophylactic treatment is recommanded for any patient who has been in contact with the virus. The risk appears to be lower with cytotoxics but has been far less studied. The recommandations are not formally consensual and upcoming studies will help to establish clearer practice guidelines.

Keywords: Chemotherapy; Chimiothérapie; Chronic hepatitis B virus infection; Dépistage; Hépatite virale B chronique; Prophylaxie; Prophylaxy; Réactivation virale; Screening; Viral reactivation.