Meta-analysis of transfemoral TAVR versus surgical aortic valve replacement

Abstract

Background: In the recently concluded PARTNER 2 trial, TF-TAVR cohort was shown to have lower risks of death or disabling strokes as compared to SAVR, whereas the outcomes with transthoracic TAVR were comparable with SAVR.

Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for all comparison studies between TAVR and SAVR and mortality as an outcome, irrespective of surgical risk. Randomized controlled trials and propensity-score-matched cohort studies that used a transfemoral approach exclusively or stratified results by route of access and reported data for TF-TAVR patients were eligible for inclusion. Outcomes of interest included 30-day and 1-year mortality, and 30-day complications. If significant heterogeneity was found in the random effects meta-analyses, a sensitivity analysis which individually removed each study was conducted.

Results: Seven studies reported results on TF-TAVR. Compared with SAVR, TF-TAVR had comparable 30-day mortality (RR 0.79, 95% CI 0.58, 1.06), 1-year mortality (RR 0.91, 95% CI 0.78, 1.08) and 30-day risk of bleeding (RR 0.70, 95% CI 0.31, 1.57). However, TF-TAVR was associated with lower 30-day risks of atrial fibrillation (RR 0.28, 95% CI 0.17, 0.45), acute kidney injury (RR 0.38, 95% CI 0.20, 0.71), and myocardial infarction (RR 0.41, 95% CI 0.23, 0.75) at a cost of higher incidences of vascular complications (RR 6.10, 95% CI 2.92, 12.73) and pacemaker implantations (RR 3.29, 95% CI 1.41, 7.65).

Conclusions: TF-TAVR is associated with lower 30-day risks of myocardial infarction compared to SAVR. Further studies are required to investigate the role of myocardial injury on overall TF-TAVR outcomes.

Keywords: TAVR; aortic valve replacement; myocardial infarction; transcatheter; transfemoral.