Renal cell carcinoma histological subtype distribution differs by age, gender, and tumor size in coastal Chinese patients

Abstract

The distribution pattern of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) histological subtypes according to age, gender and tumor size has not been well illustrated in RCC patients living in fast-developing regions of China. We recruited 2941 patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), papillary renal cell carcinoma (PCC) or chromophobe from two hospitals in coastal China (2004-2012) consecutively and draw 538 American Chinese RCC patients' data with time matched from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. We found that compared with ccRCC patients, chromophobe patients were more likely to be female (OR: 2.538, 95% CI: 1.923-3.350), younger (OR for 51-60 years old: 0.686; OR for over 60 years old: 0.478; reference: age < 50) and to have a larger maximal diameter (Dmax) (OR for Dmax > 7 cm: 1.883; reference: Dmax ≤ 4 cm). Besides, in comparison with coastal Chinese patients, American Chinese individuals had lower Fuhrman grades (P < 0.001) and had an onset age 10 years delay. In conclusion, we were the first to observe marked gender, age and tumor size differences in the proportional subtype distribution of RCCs in coastal Chinese patients, and also the first to compare coastal Chinese with American Chinese data.

Keywords: Chinese; SEER; distribution; histological subtype; renal cell carcinoma.

Figure 1

(A). Distribution of RCC patients by age at diagnosis in coastal Chinese population. The distribution approaches a normal curve. (B). A normalized distribution of the age of onset of RCC in SEER Chinese 2004–2012 database, compared with coastal Chinese patients’ distribution.

Figure 2

(A). Age at diagnosis of three major RCC subtypes of all coastal Chinese patients and all American Chinese patients. (B). Age at diagnosis of three major RCC subtypes of early-diagnosed coastal Chinese patients and American Chinese patients (D_max≤ 7 cm). Mean and standard deviation were plotted. (*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001).