Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Published Erratum
. 2017 Oct 25;25(1):103.
doi: 10.1186/s13049-017-0429-2.

Erratum to: Shock in the emergency department; a 12 year population based cohort study

Affiliations
Published Erratum

Erratum to: Shock in the emergency department; a 12 year population based cohort study

Jon Gitz Holler et al. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. .
No abstract available

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests

The authors have no conflicts of interest. JGH and Professor in Emergency Medicine ATL are financially supported by an unrestricted grant provided by the philanthropic foundation TrygFonden to University of Southern Denmark. ATL as well as JGH are employed by the Faculty of Health and Medical sciences, University of Southern Denmark. None of the authors have financial interests in the project.

References

1. Vincent JL, De Backer D. Circulatory shock. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(18):1726–34. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1208943.

2. Torio CM, Andrews RM. National Inpatient Hospital Costs: the most expensive conditions by payer, 2011: statistical brief #160. Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) Statistical Briefs. Rockville (MD)2006.

3. Havel C, Arrich J, Losert H, Gamper G, Mullner M, Herkner H. Vasopressors for hypotensive shock. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;5:CD003709. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003709.pub3.

4. Jones AE, Tayal VS, Sullivan DM, Kline JA. Randomized, controlled trial of immediate versus delayed goal-directed ultrasound to identify the cause of nontraumatic hypotension in emergency department patients. Crit Care Med. 2004;32(8):1703–8.

5. Moore CL, Rose GA, Tayal VS, Sullivan DM, Arrowood JA, Kline JA. Determination of left ventricular function by emergency physician echocardiography of hypotensive patients. Acad Emerg Med Off J Soc Acad Emerg Med. 2002;9(3):186–93.

6. Mikkelsen S, Kruger AJ, Zwisler ST, Brochner AC. Outcome following physician supervised prehospital resuscitation: a retrospective study. BMJ Open. 2015;5(1):e006167. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006167.

7. Lindberg SO, Lerche la Cour J, Folkestad L, Hallas P, Brabrand M. The use of triage in Danish emergency departments. Dan Med Bull. 2011;58(10):A 4301.

8. Seymour CW, Cooke CR, Heckbert SR, Copass MK, Yealy DM, Spertus JA, et al. Prehospital systolic blood pressure thresholds: a community-based outcomes study. Acad Emerg Med: Off J Soc Acad Emerg Med. 2013;20(6): 597–604. doi:10.1111/acem.12142.

9. Eastridge BJ, Salinas J, McManus JG, Blackburn L, Bugler EM, Cooke WH, et al. Hypotension begins at 110 mm hg: redefining "hypotension" with data. J Trauma. 2007;63(2):291–297; discussion 7-9. doi:10.1097/TA. 0b013e31809ed924.

10. Bruns B, Gentilello L, Elliott A, Shafi S. Prehospital hypotension redefined. J Trauma. 2008;65(6):1217–21. doi:10.1097/TA.0b013e318184ee63.

11. Jones AE, Yiannibas V, Johnson C, Kline JA. Emergency department hypotension predicts sudden unexpected in-hospital mortality: a prospective cohort study. Chest. 2006;130(4):941–6. doi:10.1378/chest.130.4.941.

12. Kristensen AK, Holler JG, Mikkelsen S, Hallas J, Lassen A. Systolic blood pressure and short-term mortality in the emergency department and prehospital setting: a hospital-based cohort study. Crit Care. 2015;19(1):158. doi:10.1186/s13054-015-0884-y.

13. Turchin A, Kolatkar NS, Grant RW, Makhni EC, Pendergrass ML, Einbinder JS. Using regular expressions to abstract blood pressure and treatment intensification information from the text of physician notes. J Am Med Inform Assoc: JAMIA. 2006;13(6):691–5. doi:10.1197/jamia.M2078.

14. Kristensen AK, Holler JG, Hallas J, Lassen A, Shapiro NI. Is shock index a valid predictor of mortality in emergency department patients with hypertension, diabetes, high age, or receipt of beta- or Calcium Channel blockers? Ann Emerg Med. 2015; doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2015.05.020.

15. Schmidt M, Pedersen L, Sorensen HT. The Danish civil registration system as a tool in epidemiology. Eur J Epidemiol. 2014;29(8):541–9. doi:10.1007/s10654-014-9930-3.

16. Lynge E, Sandegaard JL, Rebolj M. The Danish National Patient Register. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. 2011;39(7 Suppl):30–3. doi:10.1177/1403494811401482.

17. Andersen TF, Madsen M, Jorgensen J, Mellemkjoer L, Olsen JH. The Danish National Hospital Register. A valuable source of data for modern health sciences. Dan Med Bull. 1999;46(3):263–8.

18. Rady MY, Smithline HA, Blake H, Nowak R, Rivers E. A comparison of the shock index and conventional vital signs to identify acute, critical illness in the emergency department. Ann Emerg Med. 1994;24(4):685–90.

19. Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, MacKenzie CR. A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Dis. 1987;40(5):373–83.

20. Vandenbroucke JP, von Elm E, Altman DG, Gotzsche PC, Mulrow CD, Pocock SJ, et al. Strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE): explanation and elaboration. PLoS Med. 2007;4(10): e297. doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0040297.

21. Ward MJ, Kripalani S, Zhu Y, Storrow AB, Dittus RS, Harrell FE Jr, et al. Incidence of emergency department visits for ST-elevation myocardial infarction in a recent six-year period in the United States. Am J Cardiol. 2015;115(2):167–70. doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2014.10.020.

22. Holler JG, Bech CN, Henriksen DP, Mikkelsen S, Pedersen C, Lassen AT. Nontraumatic hypotension and shock in the emergency department and the Prehospital setting, prevalence, Etiology, and mortality: a systematic review. PLoS One. 2015;10(3):e0119331. doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0119331.

23. Jones AE, Stiell IG, Nesbitt LP, Spaite DW, Hasan N, Watts BA, et al. Nontraumatic out-of-hospital hypotension predicts inhospital mortality. Ann Emerg Med. 2004; 43(1):106–13. doi:10.1016/S0196064403009284.

24. Sakr Y, Reinhart K, Vincent JL, Sprung CL, Moreno R, Ranieri VM, et al. Does dopamine administration in shock influence outcome? Results of the sepsis occurrence in acutely ill patients (SOAP) study. Crit Care Med. 2006;34(3): 589–97. doi:10.1097/01.CCM.0000201896.45809.E3.

25. Levy MM, Artigas A, Phillips GS, Rhodes A, Beale R, Osborn T, et al. Outcomes of the surviving sepsis campaign in intensive care units in the USA and Europe: a prospective cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2012;12(12): 919–24. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(12)70239-6.

26. Kolte D, Khera S, Aronow WS, Mujib M, Palaniswamy C, Sule S, et al. Trends in incidence, management, and outcomes of cardiogenic shock complicating ST-elevation myocardial infarction in the United States. J Am Heart Assoc. 2014;3(1):e000590. doi:10.1161/JAHA.113.000590.

27. Cannon CM, Braxton CC, Kling-Smith M, Mahnken JD, Carlton E, Moncure M. Utility of the shock index in predicting mortality in traumatically injured patients. J Trauma. 2009;67(6):1426–30. doi:10.1097/TA.0b013e3181bbf728.

28. Esper AM, Martin GS. The impact of comorbid [corrected] conditions on critical illness. Crit Care Med. 2011;39(12):2728–35. doi:10.1097/CCM. 0b013e318236f27e.

29. Sebat F, Musthafa AA, Johnson D, Kramer AA, Shoffner D, Eliason M, et al. Effect of a rapid response system for patients in shock on time to treatment and mortality during 5 years. Crit Care Med. 2007;35(11):2568–75. doi:10.1097/01.CCM.0000287593.54658.89.

30. Rady MY, Rivers EP, Martin GB, Smithline H, Appelton T, Nowak RM. Continuous central venous oximetry and shock index in the emergency department: use in the evaluation of clinical shock. Am J Emerg Med. 1992;10(6):538–41.

31. Yussof SJ, Zakaria MI, Mohamed FL, Bujang MA, Lakshmanan S, Asaari AH. Value of shock index in prognosticating the short-term outcome of death for patients presenting with severe sepsis and septic shock in the emergency department. Med J Malaysia. 2012;67(4):406–11.

32. Mutschler M, Nienaber U, Munzberg M, Wolfl C, Schoechl H, Paffrath T, et al. The shock index revisited - a fast guide to transfusion requirement? A retrospective analysis on 21,853 patients derived from the TraumaRegister DGU. Crit Care. 2013;17(4):R172. doi:10.1186/cc12851.

33. McNab A, Burns B, Bhullar I, Chesire D, Kerwin A. An analysis of shock index as a correlate for outcomes in trauma by age group. Surgery. 2013;154(2): 384–7. doi:10.1016/j.surg.2013.05.007.

34. Toosi MS, Merlino JD, Leeper KV. Prognostic value of the shock index along with transthoracic echocardiography in risk stratification of patients with acute pulmonary embolism. Am J Cardiol. 2008;101(5): 700–5. doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2007.10.038.

35. Wira CR, Francis MW, Bhat S, Ehrman R, Conner D, Siegel M. The shock index as a predictor of vasopressor use in emergency department patients with severe sepsis. West J Emerg Med. 2014;15(1):60–6. doi:10.5811/westjem. 2013.7.18472.

36. Berger T, Green J, Horeczko T, Hagar Y, Garg N, Suarez A, et al. Shock index and early recognition of sepsis in the emergency department: pilot study. West J Emerg Med. 2013;14(2):168–74. doi:10.5811/westjem.2012.8.11546.

37. Olaussen A, Blackburn T, Mitra B, Fitzgerald M. Review article: shock index for prediction of critical bleeding post-trauma: a systematic review. Emergency medicine Australasia: EMA. 2014;26(3):223–8. doi:10.1111/1742-6723.12232.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flow chart of patients recruited to the study
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Annual incidence rate during 2000–2011. The crude annual incidence rates of shock from 2000 to 2011 and the standardized incidence rate to the population of the EDs cathment area in 2000 (using direct standardization on sex and ten-year age bands). Bars indicate the 95% confidence interval based on a Poisson distribution
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Estimated incidence rates stratified by sex and age group from 2000 to 2011. Incidence rates estimated on the basis of a Poisson model adjusting for sex, age group, interaction between sex and age group, and calendar years. The table is showing the corresponding estimated incidence rate ratios with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI)
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Kaplan-Meier curves illustrating overall 90-day survival according to age (a), Charlson comorbidity index (b), organ failures (c) and systolic blood pressure levels (d). Below the curves are listed the number at risk at corresponding intervals in survival time

Erratum for

References

    1. Holler JG, Henriksen DP, Mikkelsen S, Rasmussen LM, Pedersen C, Lassen AT. Shock in the emergency department; a 12 year population based cohort study. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2016;24:87. doi:10.1186/s13049-016-0280-x. - PMC - PubMed

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources