Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes for Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a common chronic disease affecting approximately 9% of the United States population. Successful management of diabetes demands constant self-management on the part of the patient. The patient has to balance diabetes medications, blood glucose monitoring, food intake, physical activity, and management of diabetes-related acute and chronic complications. The patient is often bombarded with misinformation from friends, relatives, and such sources as the Internet and social media. This article discusses the current recommendations for diabetes self-management education and skills including medical nutrition therapy, physical activity, smoking cessation, and assessment for diabetes distress.

Keywords: Diabetes distress; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes self-management education; Diabetes self-management support; Medical nutrition therapy; Physical activity; Smoking cessation.