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Review
. 2017 Dec 2;13(12):3020-3032.
doi: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1383575. Epub 2017 Oct 30.

Chimpanzee adenoviral vectors as vaccines for outbreak pathogens

Katie Ewer  1 , Sarah Sebastian  1 , Alexandra J Spencer  1 , Sarah Gilbert  1 , Adrian V S Hill  1 , Teresa Lambe  1
Affiliations
Review

Chimpanzee adenoviral vectors as vaccines for outbreak pathogens

Katie Ewer et al. Hum Vaccin Immunother. .

Abstract

The 2014-15 Ebola outbreak in West Africa highlighted the potential for large disease outbreaks caused by emerging pathogens and has generated considerable focus on preparedness for future epidemics. Here we discuss drivers, strategies and practical considerations for developing vaccines against outbreak pathogens. Chimpanzee adenoviral (ChAd) vectors have been developed as vaccine candidates for multiple infectious diseases and prostate cancer. ChAd vectors are safe and induce antigen-specific cellular and humoral immunity in all age groups, as well as circumventing the problem of pre-existing immunity encountered with human Ad vectors. For these reasons, such viral vectors provide an attractive platform for stockpiling vaccines for emergency deployment in response to a threatened outbreak of an emerging pathogen. Work is already underway to develop vaccines against a number of other outbreak pathogens and we will also review progress on these approaches here, particularly for Lassa fever, Nipah and MERS.

Keywords: Lassa fever; MERS Co-V; Nipah; Vaccines; viral vectors.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Comparative T cell immunogenicity of different viral vector regimens encoding the same pre-erythrocytic malaria antigen, ME-TRAP, as measured by ex-vivo interferon-γ ELISpot assays. F, Fowlpox (FP9); M, MVA; D, DNA; SFC, SFC, spot-forming cells; PBMC, peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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