Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2017 Jun 16;8(44):77942-77956.
doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.18549. eCollection 2017 Sep 29.

Intake of red and processed meat and risk of renal cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis of observational studies

Shaojing Zhang  1 , Qingwei Wang  1 , Juanjuan He  2
Affiliations

Intake of red and processed meat and risk of renal cell carcinoma: a meta-analysis of observational studies

Shaojing Zhang et al. Oncotarget. .

Erratum in

Abstract

Background: Findings on the association between intake of red and processed meat with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) risk are mixed. We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate this association.

Materials and methods: Eligible studies up to August 31, 2016, were identified and retrieved by searching the MEDLINE and Embase databases along with manual review of the reference lists from the retrieved studies. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. The summary relative risk (SRR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a random-effects model.

Results: Twenty-three publications were included in this meta-analysis: four cohort studies, one pooled study, and 18 case-control studies. The SRR (95% CI) for the highest vs. lowest intake of red meat was 1.36 (1.16-1.58, Pheterogeneity < 0.001); that for processed meat was 1.13 (95% CI, 1.03-1.24, Pheterogeneity = 0.014). Linear dose-response analysis yielded similar results, i.e., the SRR for per 100 g/day increment of red meat and per 50 g/day increment of processed meat was 1.21 (95% CI, 1.08-1.36) and 1.16 (95% CI, 0.99-1.36), respectively. A non-linear association was observed only for red meat (Pnonlinearity = 0.002), and not for processed meat (Pnonlinearity = 0.231). Statistically significant positive associations were observed for intake of beef, salami/ham/bacon/sausage, and hamburger.

Conclusions: This meta-analysis indicates a significant positive association between red and processed meat intake and RCC risk.

Keywords: meta-analysis; red and processed meat; relative risk; renal cell carcinoma.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST None.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Flow diagram of systematic literature search on red and processed meat intake and renal cell carcinoma risk
Figure 2
Figure 2
The summary risk association between red meat intake and risk of renal cell carcinoma according to (A) the highest vs. lowest analysis; (B) linear dose-response analysis (Per 100 g/day increment); (C) non-linear dose-response analysis. Studies are sub-grouped according to design.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The summary risk association between processed meat intake and risk of renal cell carcinoma according to (A) the highest vs. lowest analysis; (B) linear dose-response analysis (Per 50 g/day increment); (C) non-linear dose-response analysis. Studies are sub-grouped according to design.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Filled funnel plot of log relative risk vs. standard error of log relative risks in studies that evaluated the effect of red meat (A) and processed meat (B) intake on the risk of renal cell carcinoma.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2015. CA Cancer J Clin. 2015;65:5–29. - PubMed
    1. Ljungberg B, Campbell SC, Choi HY, Jacqmin D, Lee JE, Weikert S, Kiemeney LA. The epidemiology of renal cell carcinoma. Eur Urol. 2011;60:615–21. - PubMed
    1. Ferlay JS, Bray F, Forman D, Mathers C, Parkin DM. Internation Agency for Research on Cancer. 10. Vol. Lyon, France: 2012. 2008. >GLOBOCAN 2008 v1.2 Cancer Incidence and Mortality Worldwide: IARC CancerBase No.
    1. Znaor A, Lortet-Tieulent J, Laversanne M, Jemal A, Bray F. International variations and trends in renal cell carcinoma incidence and mortality. Eur Urol. 2015;67:519–30. - PubMed
    1. Hunt JD, van der Hel OL, McMillan GP, Boffetta P, Brennan P. Renal cell carcinoma in relation to cigarette smoking: meta-analysis of 24 studies. Int J Cancer. 2005;114:101–8. - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources