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. 2016;51(3):523-555.
doi: 10.3386/w18422.

Maternal Stress and Child Outcomes: Evidence from Siblings

Anna Aizer  1 , Laura Stroud  2 , Stephen Buka  3
Affiliations

Maternal Stress and Child Outcomes: Evidence from Siblings

Anna Aizer et al. J Hum Resour. 2016.

Abstract

We study how maternal stress affects offspring outcomes. We find that in-utero exposure to elevated levels of the stress hormone cortisol negatively affects offspring cognition, health and educational attainment. These findings are based on comparisons between siblings which limits variation to short-lived shocks and controls for unobserved differences between mothers that could bias estimates. Our results are consistent with recent experimental results in the neurobiological literature linking exogenous exposure to stress hormones in-utero with declines in offspring cognitive, behavioral and motor development. Moreover, we find that not only are mothers with low levels of human capital characterized by higher and more variable cortisol levels, but that the negative impact of elevated cortisol on their offspring is greater. These results suggest that maternal stress may play a role in the intergenerational persistence of poverty.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Distribution of Prenatal Cortisol
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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