Overcoming End-to-End Vessel Mismatch During Superficial Temporal Artery-Radial Artery-M2 Interposition Grafting for Cerebral Ischemia: Tapering Technique

Abstract

Cerebral revascularization procedures, such as the external carotid-internal carotid bypass, have been used in the clinical management of cerebral ischemic states. Among the most commonly performed bypasses is the superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass to restore cerebral blood flow. In cases of a foreshortened STA donor vessel, a radial artery (RA) graft is often used as an interposition graft between the STA and MCA. However, addressing the vessel size mismatch between the radial artery and donor can be problematic and challenging. We present the case of an 80-year-old male presenting with positional-onset expressive aphasia and right-sided hemiparesis. Computed tomography perfusion demonstrated a diffusion-perfusion mismatch in a left MCA distribution. Angiography showed a complete left internal cerebral artery occlusion and poor distal filling of the STA. We performed an external carotid artery-to-internal carotid artery bypass through interposing an RA graft to the STA proximally with an end-to-end anastomosis and to the MCA distally using an end-to-side anastomosis. The mismatch between 2 bypass vessel sizes was corrected by removing a small piece from the RA graft at 1 margin and suturing it to itself to reduce the size of the RA vessel diameter opening on the side used to sew to the STA. The patient did well clinically with improved right-sided strength, a patent graft, and no postoperative complications. Addressing vessel mismatch when using RA interposition grafts for bypass is challenging. Various operative approaches to address mismatch should be individualized on the basis of the particular vascular anatomy and needs of the case. Nevertheless, our method of cutting and suturing 1 side of the RA graft into a semiblind end to match donor vessel diameter may be of use to cerebrovascular surgeons in select cases.

Keywords: Cerebral bypass; Cerebrovascular; Middle cerebral artery; Mismatch; Radial artery; Superficial temporal artery; Tapering.